- 期刊
利用水耕法探討重金屬鎘對四種草坪草生長發育與吸收之影響
Cadmium Uptake and Growth Inhibition of Four Turfgrass Species Using Solution Cultural System
摘要
本試驗的目的是利用水耕栽植四種草坪草探討氯化鎘對草坪草生長發育的影響並瞭解草坪草是否在含鎘環境中具有耐受性及吸收鎘的能力。草株長成具三片完全葉後，處理0、0.5、1.0、及1.5mM四種濃度的氯化鎘。鎘處理12天後採收並分析植株葉綠素a、葉綠素b、乾鮮重、含水量、及植柣鎘含量。結果顯示暖季草種假儉草、類地毯草及冷季草種高狐草、多年生麥草在不同濃度之氯化鎘處理後，根部生長顯著受到鎘的影響。莖葉乾重以高狐草下降比例最少，表現最差的是類地毯草。從不含鎘的0.056克下降到0.047克，下降比例僅16%；表現最差的是類地毯草。在葉片含水量方面，下降比例由少至多分別為高狐草、多年生麥草、假儉草、及類地毯草。葉綠素含量經氯化鎘處理後，各草種在葉綠素a、葉綠素b、及總葉綠素含量均有下降的情形，且隨濃度上升而下降的比例亦隨之增加。四種草在鎘處理的環境下高狐草的忍受力較強。高狐草在較高濃度0.5mM及1.5mM之氯化鎘處理環境下，分別下降了14%及80%，主要的影響來自葉綠素b生成被抑制，但是高狐草仍能忍受0.5mM氯化鎘處理的環境；類地毯草，不論是葉綠素a或b幾乎完全被抑制。從植株累積的鎘濃度結果顯示，隨著處理濃度的升高，植株內累積的濃度也隨之增加，而主要累積的部位多集中在根部。雖然類地毯草的生長非常容易受側鎘處理的影響，但是卻可以在較短的時間內吸收大量的鎘元素。本研究推論植株間之所以在鎘的處理環境中表現有所差異，主要的原因除了品種間的差異外，植株生長習性亦是一個關鍵。
並列摘要
Pollution of water and soil by heavy metals deposited in mining and industrial operations is an environmental problem in many areas in Taiwan. Four turfgrass species of common carpetgrass, centipedigrass, tall fescue, and perennial ryegrass will be screened by using solution cultural method in this study. Four levels of treatment, including 0, 0.5 mM, 1.0 mM and 1.5 mM of Cadium chloride (CdCl2) were treated o the plants that contained of 3 fully expanded leaves for 12 days. From the results we found that the plant dry weight, water capacity of leaf, and chlorophyll a and b ,were decreased by increased of CdCl2 concentrations. Tall fescue showed the best performance under 1.5 mM of CdCl2 treated environment. Reversely, common carpetgrass showed the worst performance under this high level of CdCl2 treated environment. However, we found that the Cd accumulation in plants was increased by the increased of CdCl2 concentrations. The Cd was accumulated on root portions better than shoot portions mostly. Common carpetgrass absorbed the most Cd metal in a short period of time compared to the other species. The authors think that the tolerance of turfgrass species to Cd metal was due to both species variation and plant growth habit.
延伸閱讀
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