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後現代藝術教育統整課程的一種設計理念與實例-「樹世界的禮讚」

An Integrated Curriculum Program for Postmodern Art Education-Salute to the Trees

摘要


本文提出一個統整課程設計的途徑,認為統整課程的規劃,可以借用後現代藝術的觀點,以規劃一個後現代藝術活動的方式來進行統整課程的設計。根據後現代偶發藝術家卡布羅的理念,日常生活行為也可以設計成後現代藝術活動,利用「拼貼事件」的概念,一個統整課程活動中的所有生活化的行為,包括行為、動作、聲音、文字語言、音樂、影像…,全都可以成為「拼貼事件」的各部份。本文將以此理念來設計一個方案實例「樹世界的禮讚」,這是一個國小的全校性主題課程,其中包含四個次主題的課程活動,即「植栽的儀式」、「照顧它,樹的生命體驗」、「樹的哀歌」與「樹的印象」。四個次主題之主要活動內容分別是「栽樹」、「養樹」、「了解樹的遭遇」與「全校以樹佈置」的活動。藉用卡布羅的方法,統整課程設計時,可以將一個課程主題視為一個整體的後現代藝術活動一般,使其成為一個有機的整體,並於課程設計中賦予儀式性、想像性與詩性…等,提供具體途徑使學生能運用肢體與各種感官去直接經驗感動並學習。例如栽樹、為樹澆水的平凡行為,可透過利用儀式化的過程,將行為動作確定具體化,規則化並賦予意義,可融入詩性、遊戲性、狂歡性、音樂性…等,提供學生途徑與機會,從參與、互動、表現自我…等行為中,去自我追尋Dewey的藝術經驗之感動。

並列摘要


The purpose of this article is to design an integrated curriculum program for postmodern art based on Kaprow's ideas of ”Happenings”. According to ideas of Kaprow's ideas of ”Happenings”, normal behaviors in life such as conduct, sound, word, language, music, image and so on all can be designed to be postmodern art events.”Salute to the trees” is the topic of the program designed in the article. The main topic consists of four sub-topics about the trees' growth, encounter and contribution to human beings. The program is designed for everyone in elementary school. It may be executed in a class or all over the school.By means of Kaprow's ideas of ”Happenings”, the integrated curriculum program can be filled with mythopoetic meaning, imagination and ritual. For example, planting trees or pour water for trees all can be executed as ritual process mixed with music, play, dance and excitement. Through the program, we offer an approach for pupils to experience a mythopoetic, imaginable and ritual activity.

參考文獻


Cary, R.(1998).Critical art pedagogy: Foundations for postmodern art education.New York:Garland Pub..
Dewey(1953).Experience and education.New York:The Macmillan Company.
Dewey(1980).Art as experience.New York:Wideview.
Hassan(1987).The postmodern mm: Essays in postmodern theory and culture.Columbus:Ohio State University Press.
Kaprow(1993).Essays on the blurring of art and life.Berkeley:University of California Press.

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