高年級國小學童壓力適應行爲的相關因素與社會支持研究

The Relationship between Influences of Stress Responses and Social Support, and Other factors among 10-12 years-old Children

洪文綺(Wen-Chi Hung) ； 黃淑貞(Shen-Jen Huang)

《健康促進暨衛生教育雜誌》 26期 (2006/12) Pp. 31-52

摘要

本研究目的旨在探討影響國小高年級學童壓力適應行為的相關因素，同時考量社會支持對壓力適應行為的影響，並檢視所產生的緩衝作用。
研究方法是以2002年就讀於台灣地區國小學童為研究母群、分層叢集抽樣抽取高年級學童共3,246位及其家長進行問卷調查。回收有效問卷2,759份，回收率達樣本數的85%。本研究控制學童性別、年齡、家庭社經地位等背景因素，探討壓力影響因素如：自尊、家長期望以及學校表現，與社會支持對於高年級學童壓力適應行為的影響。
研究結果發現控制性別、年齡與社經地位後，自尊與學校表現、家長期望與社會支持均能解釋學童的壓力適應行為。在緩衝作用方面，社會支持能緩衝自尊對學童壓力適應的負面影響。
本研究建議強化學童社會支持的力量一，並對學童壓力適應進行全面的評估。

關鍵字

壓力適應 ； 社會支持 ； 國小學童

並列摘要

The Aim of this study was to explore factors associated with stress adjustment among 10-12 years-old schoolchild in Taiwan and examined weather social support can moderate effectors associated with stress response.
By using a stratified cluster sampling method, 3,246 elementary school students and their parents were selected to participate in this survey. Data were collected by a self-administered questionnaire. Two thousand and seven hundred fifty nine of the questionnaires were effective; the response rate was 85%.
The result of this study indicated that self-esteem, parental expectation, school achievement and social support were factors that could significantly explain schoolchild's stress adjustment. As for the moderating effect, social support could moderate the negative effects of self-esteem on schoolchildren's stress adjustment.
Based on these findings, we suggested that personal interaction and social support should be strengthened. In addition, the evaluation of stress adjustment among schoolchild should be done for early intervention.

並列關鍵字

stress adjustment ； social support ； school-aged children