國小及幼稚園教師對學童視力保健知識、態度、行爲效能的相關因素研究

The Relevant Factors of Teacher's Congnition, Attitude, Behavioral Efficiency on Children's Vision Care

彭秀英(Hsiu-Ying Peng) ； 林隆光(Lun-Kun Lin) ； 吳仁宇(Jen-Yee Wu)

《學校衛生》 56期 (2010/06) Pp. 21-38

https://doi.org/10.30026/CJSH.201006.0002

摘要

本研究的研究目的在探討影響國小及幼稚園教師對學童視力保健之知識、態度、行為效能的相關因素，作為規劃及推動該工作的參考。本研究為前驅性調查研究，於97年10-12月間以自填式結構問卷為工具，立意取樣方式以種子學校教師為對象進行調查。有效問卷1131份，回收率86%。以t檢定、單因子變異數分析、皮爾遜積差相關、複迴歸等統計法分析之。
發現：研究對象1.對視力篩檢判讀、矯治之知識的答對率只佔3%。2.年齡介於40~49歲間者、服務於幼稚園者、本身有子女者在視力保健知識、態度及行為效能上表現較佳；學校護理人員在視力保健知識上優於級任導師。3.視力保健知識、態度與行為效能間呈正相關；視力保健態度越好，行為效能就越高。4.服務於幼稚園、年齡較長、有子女、態度良好是視力保健行為效能的重要預測變項，可解釋總變異量之18.3%。建議：政府與學校應加強視力篩檢判讀與矯治知識的宣導，提升視力保健態度，普及宣導教育、善用親情關係，強化視力保健行為效能，鼓勵行為實踐。

關鍵字

視力保健知識 ； 視力保健態度 ； 視力保健行為效能

並列摘要

The main purpose of this study was to understand teacher's behavioral efficiency for children's vision care, to find out the relevant influencing factors, and to develop effective strategies for follow-up.
This was a pilot study. To tally, 1309 teachers were selected by purposive sampling method and were surveyed by self-administered structured questionnaire during October to December in 2008. The effective questionnaires were 1131 and the response rate was 86%. The data had been analyzed by using t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson product moment correlation, and multiple regression.
The major findings of the study are as follows:
1. Teachers' knowledge of vision care was not so effinent, especially on eyesight screening and eyesight treatment. The accuracy rate was only 3%.
2. Teachers whose age is between 40 and 49, employed in kindergarten and have their own child performed better on vision care, attitude and behavioral efficiency. School nurses also performed better than classroom teachers on vision care knowledge.
3. There were positive correlations between the vision care knowledge, attitude and behavioral efficiency. The better the attitude was, the better the behavioral efficiency was.
4. Subjects' age, work place and vision care attitude were the best predicors of vision care behavioral efficiency, explain 18.3% of the total variance.
Based on the findings, researcher suggested the government and teachers to strengthen the knowledge of interpreting eyesight screening result and eyesight treatment, promote the attitude of vision care, popularize the education, make the use of relatives relationship, enhance the behavioral efficiency of vision care and encourage the practice of vision care behavior.

並列關鍵字

vision care congnition ； vision care attitude ； the vision care behavioral efficiency

參考文獻

郭瑞玲(2008)。臺北縣國小教師進行學童近視預防信念與相關教學行為之研究(碩士論文)。國立台灣師範大學健康促進與衛生教育學系。

()。

教育部（2009a）。歷年學童近視盛行率統計。98.04.03，取自教育部網址：http://40.22.72.62/EDU7663001/health/eyesight/eyes.htm

教育部（2009b）。91-93年幼稚園國小及幼稚園教師視力保健研習。98.04.03，取自教育部網址：http://140.122.72.62/EDU7663001/health/eyesight/eyes.htm

行政院衛生署（2009a）。近視歷年流行病學調查結果。98.04.05取自行政院衛生署國民健康局網站：http://www.bhp.doh.gov.tw/BHPnet/Portal/