臺北市高中學生危害健康行為及其相關因素之研究

The Risk at Health Behaviors and Their Related Factors among the Senior High School Students in Taipei City

陳婉倩(Wan-Chian Chen) ； 陳政友(Cheng-Yu Chen)

《學校衛生》 59期 (2011/12) Pp. 1-26

https://doi.org/10.30026/CJSH.201112.0001

摘要

本研究主要目的在了解臺北市高中學生之危害健康行為，並探討其相關因素。研究採自編式結構問卷，以臺北市九十九學年度之高中生為研究母群，經比率機率集束抽樣方式進行抽樣，共得有效樣本760份。本研究結果及建議如下：一、研究對象之飲食行為整體表現屬中低不良程度。其中，體重管理、攝取高纖食物、喝含糖飲料、吃甜食、每天喝1-2杯奶類製品的表現較差。研究發現，男生、學業成績越差者、家庭社經地位越低者、健康控握信念越不傾向內控型或機運外控型者，其飲食行為越不良。二、研究對象之身體活動整體表現屬中低不足程度。其中，遵循運動333原則、假日從事動態休閒活動的表現較差。研究發現，年級越高者、學業成績越差者、家庭社經地位越低者、健康控握信念越不傾向內控型者，其身體活動量越不足。三、研究對象之事故與非事故傷害行為屬低嚴重程度。其中，騎乘腳踏車不戴安全帽的問題最為嚴重。研究發現，男生、學業成績越差者、健康控握信念越不傾向內控型與強勢他人外控型者或越傾向機運外控型者，其事故與非事故傷害的行為越嚴重。四、研究對象之吸菸行為屬較低嚴重程度。其中，吸菸率約一成五，每日吸菸者仍佔少數，吸菸的初始年齡多為14歲以後。研究發現，男生、學業成績越差者、健康控握信念越傾向機運外控型者，其吸菸行為越嚴重。五、研究對象之飲酒與其他藥物使用行為屬中低及較低的嚴重程度。其中，飲酒率近六成，有飲酒習慣者佔三成，飲酒的初始年齡呈下降趨勢。研究發現，男生、學業成績越差者，飲酒行為則越嚴重。研究對象其他藥物使用的初始年齡多為13-15歲，以搖頭丸、K他命、安非他命使用最多，呈現用藥多元性。六、 研究對象之不安全性行為屬較低嚴重程度。有性經驗者近一成，之中約有五成從不或很少使用保險套，性行為的初始年齡以15歲最多。研究發現，男生、健康控握信念越傾向機運外控型者，不安全性行為則越嚴重。本研究依結果提出未來進行衛生教育介入之建議與改進方針，期能預防及降低國內青少年危害健康行為之發生，進而提升健康促進理念，增進國人健康。

關鍵字

高中學生 ； 健康控握信念 ； 危害健康行為

並列摘要

Bearing the purpose to formulate recommendations for adequate intervention and future public health programs to improve the health of young adults, this research paper investigates youth risk health behaviors amongst senior high school students in Taipei and the contributory factors. The author applied the probability proportionate-to-size sampling method drawing samples from students studying in senior high schools of Taipei City in 2010, and generated 760 effective samples.The research bases its recommendations on health risk-scores of the respondents. The findings and recommendations of the research are listed below:1. The diet habits of the target population are moderately inadequate, especially in the area of weight control, consuming high- fiber foods, limiting the consumption of sweets, as well as consuming one to two glasses of dairy products. These behaviors are present more often amongst those who are male, of poorer academic achievements, from families with lower socioeconomic status and less inclined to internal health locus of control or chance health locus of control.2. On the measure of physical activity level, the target population is in the moderately inadequate range. The compliance to the ”Triple three”1 guideline for physical activity suggested by the Ministry of Education and the frequency of active leisure activities during holidays is particularly substandard. Inadequate physical activity level is more prevalent in those who are from higher grades, of poorer academic performance, from families of lower socioeconomic status and less inclined to internal health locus of control.3. The prevalence of intentional and unintentional injuries of high school students in Taipei are defined as significantly inadequate-the most frequently occurred injuries are associated with bike riding without wearing hamlets. Injury-related risk health behaviors, whether intentional or unintentional, are more prevalent among those who are male, of poorer academic performance and less inclined to powerful others health locus of control and internal health locus of control, or those who are more inclined to chance health locus of control.4. The smoking behavior of the target population is measured as significantly inadequate. The smoking prevalence rate among high school students in Taipei is roughly 15%. Only a handful of the surveyed are everyday smokers. The smoking behavior usually begins at age 14. Generally, smoking is more prevalent among those who are male, of poorer academic performance and more inclined to chance health locus of control.5. The prevalence of drinking and other substance abuse of the target population are rated respectively as relatively and significantly inadequate. The prevalence rate of drinking is 60%. Roughly half of those who drink are regular drinkers. According to the survey, the average age of first alcohol use is lower than that in others surveys in the past. Risk behaviors of such are more prevalent among male students demonstrating poorer academic performance. Drug use usually begins at age 13-15; Amphetamine, Ketamine and Flunitrazepam are common substances abused by the target population.6. Sexual behaviors of respondents can be categorized as significantly inadequate. Roughly 10 percent of the surveyed have engaged in sexual activities, among which 50 percent rarely or never use condoms. First sex mainly happens at age 15, while unsafe sex is more prevalent among those who are male and inclined to chance health locus of control.

並列關鍵字

senior high school students ； health locus of control ； risk health behaviors

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