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11─12歲台灣兒童動作協調能力之特性分析

Motor Coordination Characteristics of Eleven to Twelve Year-Old Taiwanese Children

摘要


背景與目的:有鑒於動作能力障礙對於兒童發展可能產生長遠之影響,且國小高年級階段發展協調障礙盛行率偏高,本研究主要針對11歲至12歲兒童族群進行大規模動作協調能力調查與分析。方法:本研究使用國際上常用之兒童動作評估測驗(MABC測驗)進行動作協調能力之檢測,共評量683位實足年齡11至12歲之兒童,受測結果進行年齡效應、性別效應與交叉作用之檢定分析。結果:在剪紙大象、描花邊、單手接球、對牆技準與雙平衡板平衡等項目,以及手部操作靈活度面向出現顯著的年齡效應。性別效應之部分,女生在剪紙大象與描花邊等項目之表現明顯較佳,男生則在單手接球、對牆投準與跳躍拍手表現明顯優秀,另外,女生手部操作靈活度之障礙分數明顯較低、男生則在球類技巧、平衡能力之障礙分數,以及總障礙分數明顯較低。顯著之年齡與性別交互作用則僅出現在雙平衡板平衡與跳躍拍手兩項目,以及平衡能力面向與總障礙分數。然而,除了12歲男生族群,整體兒童之動作協調能力似乎屬於「疑似有動作協調能力障礙」的範圍。結論:台灣高年級男童於球類技巧、平衡能力與整體動作能力似乎表現較佳,而高年級女童之優勢則在手部操作靈活度。然而,整體兒童之動作協調能力表現似乎落於疑似具有動作障礙之範圍。

並列摘要


Background and Purpose: Due to the long-term impact of motor incompetence on children's development and the higher prevalence of Developmental Coordination Disorder among older children population, this study aimed to investigate the motor coordination characteristics of 11 to 12 year-old children. Methods: Six hundred and eighty-three children aged 11 to 12 years participated in this study. The Movement Assessment Battery for Children Test (MABC test), the internationally recognized test, was used to evaluate motor coordination ability of children. Age and gender effects as well as the interaction on results of the MABC test were examined. Results: The significant age effect was found in the items of cutting-out elephant, flower trail, one-hand catching throwing at wall target and two-board balance as well as the domain of manual dexterity. In terms of the gender effect, girls performed significantly better on items of cutting- out elephant and flower trail, while boys on one-hand catching, throwing at wall target and jumping and clapping. In addition, the impairment score of manual dexterity was significantly lower in girls, while those of ball skills and balance ability and the total impairment score were significantly lower for boys. Nevertheless, the overall motor ability of children in the current study seemingly was categorized into ”borderline motor difficulty” except the group of 12 year-old boys. Conclusions: Based on the results, girls aged 11 to 12 years performed significantly better on tasks of manual dexterity, while boys had better ball skills, balance and general coordination abilities than girls. Nonetheless, the general coordination ability in the 11 to 12 year-old Taiwanese children, which was identified as ”borderline motor difficulty”, was seemingly worse when compared to the norm of the MABC test.

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