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摘要


背景與目的:脊椎損傷是芭蕾舞者第二常見的運動傷害,而本文目的是透過文獻回顧方式探討芭蕾舞者的脊椎傷害,瞭解脊椎受傷機制,提供未來預防以及治療的基礎。方法:本文以脊椎/舞者、關節鬆拍/過大關節活動度/芭蕾、舞蹈傷害/脊椎過大關節活動度、芭蕾舞者/脊椎側彎等四組關鍵字結合,於PubMed資料庫取得八篇文章以及使用四組關鍵字骨盆控制/跳舞、腰椎/芭蕾舞者、芭蕾/舞蹈傷害、脊椎側彎/舞者於Google和Google Scholar取得三篇文章。另外使用四篇文章比較芭蕾舞者與其他運動員的差異:此外,三本舞蹈書籍也為本篇的參考資料。結果:本文共納入十五篇期刊文章和三本書籍進行回顧。文章分成三個部分討論,分別為危險因子(外在/內在)、舞蹈動作與錯誤技巧(重複腰椎過度屈曲與伸展、男舞者舉人、不良的下肢外轉和不正確的阿拉伯站姿)以及特定問題及評估與治療方法(各類疾病)。結論:不適當的芭蕾舞舞蹈動作或錯誤技巧都會造成脊椎傷害,且會產生代償動作,臨床人員與舞蹈教師應瞭解造成這些動作的原因而進一步修正這些不適當的動作。而代償動作的產生很多則是來自鬆弛度(laxity)過大,軟組織延展度不夠,或是肌肉不平衡的情形所造成,因此必須將這些危險因子納入評估及探討中。

並列摘要


Background: The spinal injuries are ranked as second prevalent injury in ballet dancers. Review of injury mechanism and risk factors of spinal injuries in ballet dancers would provide the basis for prevention and intervention of ballet-specific spinal injuries. Methods: In this review, we used the key words of spine/dancer, joint laxity/hypermobility/ballet, dance injuries/spine hypermobility, and ballet dancers/scoliosis and achieved 8 articles in the PubMed database. We also used the keywords of lumbopelvic control/dance, lumbar/ballet dancers, ballet/dance injuries and scoliosis/dancers in Google and Google Scholar for obtaining 3 articles. Four additional articles were obtained for comparisons between dancers and athletes and three dance-relevant textbooks were also used as references. Results: This review contained fifteen journal articles and three textbooks. The discussion of the article is divided into three parts including risk factors (intrinsic and extrinsic), the dance movements and inappropriate skills (repeated lumbar hyperflexion and hyperextension, lifting posture, forced turnout, and incorrect Arabesque) as well as specific problems, evaluation, and treatments (various types of diseases). Conclusion: Inappropriate ballet posture or skills would cause spinal injuries. Clinicians and dance educators should be aware of these abnormal postures and mend these problems. The greater laxity, soft tissue tightness, and muscle imbalance may lead to compensatory movements, and the risk factors of spinal injuries must be taken into consideration during evaluation.

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