臺灣地區游泳池溺水事故刑事判決過失類型與判決結果關係之研究

A Study of the Relationship between the Criminal Judgments on the Negligence Category in Swimming Pool Drowning Accidents and the Results of Judgments in Taiwan

林政德(Cheng-Te Lin) ； 何金樑(Chin-Liang Ho) ； 陳世昌(Shih-Chang Chen) ； 邱金松(Jin-Sung Chiou)

《大專體育學刊》 10卷2期 (2008/06) Pp. 55-69

https://doi.org/10.5297/ser.200806_10(2).0004

摘要

本研究旨在分析臺灣地區游泳池溺水事故司法案件判決資料，以歸納出過失類型，作為游泳池經營者建立安全政策與程序之參考。本研究蒐集司法院85年1月至96年8月之三級法院游泳池溺水事故刑事判決，共計44個判決。採用內容分析法分析臺灣地區游泳池溺水事故過失類型，以及過失類型與判決結果之關係。研究結果發現：一、過失類型共分成救生員疏忽、救生員不足、未設警告標示、未設安全救生設備、設施欠缺、未盡照顧義務、指導不當等7種，其中以「救生員疏忽」(59.1%)最多，「救生員不足」(27.3%)次之；二、在7種過失類型中，除「救生員疏忽」類型之被告84.6%有罪，「救生員不足」類型之被告75%有罪外，其餘類型之被告皆為100%有罪。

關鍵字

救生員 ； 監督 ； 訴訟 ； 照顧義務

並列摘要

This study focused on the negligence category in swimming pool drowning accident in Taiwan and examined some negligence categories in order to offer useful suggestions for the swimming pool keeper. This study collected 44 court criminal judgments of drowning accidents in the swimming pools from January 1996 to August 2007, using the content analysis to explore the negligence category of the drowning accidents in the swimming pools and the relationship between the negligence category and the results of judgments. The outcomes of this study were as follows. First, the negligence category could be separated into seven kinds: lifeguard negligence, lifeguard insufficiency, no warning signs, no lifesaving appliances, facility insufficiency, care duty negligence, and improper instruction. The percentages of these categories were as follows: lifeguard negligence (59.1%), lifeguard insufficient (27.3%). Second, among the seven types in the negligence category, while 84.6% of the lifeguard-negligence defendants and 75.0% of the lifeguard-insufficient defendants who were considered guilty, 100% of the defendants of all the other types were considered guilty.

並列關鍵字

lifeguard ； supervision ； litigation ； duty of care

參考文獻

施致平()。,未出版。

Clement, A.(1997).Legal responsibility in aquatics.Aurora, OH:Sport and Law Press.

Connaughton, D. P.(1995).Negligence cases involving aquatic facility operation: Implication for reducing injuries, lawsuits and liability.The Florida State University.

Connaughton, D. P.,Spengler, J. O.(2000).Negligence liability in public swimming pool operations: A review of case law involving supervision.Journal of Legal Aspects of Sport.10(3),154-171.

The standard of care in lifeguarding