從事件相關電位探討羽球訓練對女大學生視覺空間工作記憶的影響

Effect of Badminton Training on Visuo-Spatial Working Memory in Undergraduate Females: An Event-Related Potential Study

王駿濠(Chun-Hao Wang) ； 蔡佳良(Chia-Liang Tsai) ； 涂國誠(Kuo-Cheng Tu) ； 曾鈺婷(Yu-Ting Tseng) ； 蔡馨栴(Hsin-Chan Tsai)

《大專體育學刊》 12卷4期 (2010/12) Pp. 29-43

https://doi.org/10.5297/ser.1204.004

摘要

本研究的目的欲探討是否羽球運動的訓練參與可以促進女大學生視覺空間工作記憶的表現，並以腦波工具來檢測其內在的神經機轉。從大專乙組羽球校隊招募13位女性球員當做運動組，以及13位年齡及性別相仿的控制組，使其執行延遲和不延遲情境的視覺空間工作記憶作業，同時記錄行為表現及腦波活動。本研究結果發現運動組在執行視覺空間工作記憶作業時，有較快反應時間；從事件相關電位來看，編碼階段時，運動組在Cz區誘發較大的P3波，而動作反應階段，運動組有較快的N1潛時、較大的NZ振幅、較短的N2-RT時距，不過，在P3與記憶維持階段的CNV結果，兩組皆未達顯著差異。本研究結論為羽球訓練的確可以促進女大學生的視覺空間工作記憶之行為表現，籍由事件相關電位發現運動組是在編碼階段能活化較多的神經網路資源；在反應階段時，運動組則有較佳的早期知覺功能、提高辨別空間位置的注意力程度，以及感覺至動作訊息的轉換速度，然而，對於較後期的認知功能似乎改善效益不大。有鑑於此，本文建議未來可嘗試探討是否技能更高階的羽球運動選手，是否能有更佳的視覺空間工作記憶表現，及其神經生理機轉是否亦有不同。

關鍵字

開放式運動 ； 認知 ； 行爲表現 ； 腦波

並列摘要

The main purpose of this study was to investigate whether visuo-spatial working memory in undergraduate females is affected by badminton training. In this study thirteen female undergraduate students (aged 19.07±2.10 years) were considered as control group and sex-matched thirteen students (aged 20.46±2.26 years) were considered as exercise group. Both groups performed a visuo-spatial working memory task, which intermingles non-delayed and 1.5-sec delayed conditions while behavior and event-related potential (ERP) data were measured. The reaction time of the exercise group was faster compared to the control group, in both conditions. During the encoding stage of the 1.5-sec delayed condition, P3 amplitude was larger at Cz but not at other electrodes in the exercise group. During the response phase in both conditions, the exercise group had faster N1 latency, larger N2 amplitude, and faster N2-RT interval, but no difference in P3 data was found when compared to the control group. In addition, no reliable difference for the contingent negative variation (CNV) data at the delayed stage was observed between the both groups. In terms of ERP, females in the exercise group can activate more anterior-posterior neural networks during the encoding stage, and have faster early perceptual function, larger attention for stimulus classification, and faster cognitive-to-motor transfer during the response stage. We concluded that the undergraduate females regularly engaging in badminton training have beneficial effect on the behavioral performance. However, no such a beneficial effect appeared in the later cognitive function. Future research efforts are necessary to address the effect of badminton training on the behavioral performance and neural mechanisms in the higher level athletes.

並列關鍵字

open-skill exercise ； cognition ； behavioral performance ； electroencephalogram

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