中華職棒勞資公平關係之機制

Mechanisms of Labor-Employer Fair Relationship for Chinese Professional Baseball League

林錫波(Hsi-Po Lin) ； 高俊雄(Chin-Hsung Kao) ； 林國棟(Kuo-Tung Lin)

《大專體育學刊》 13卷4期 (2011/12) Pp. 337-348

https://doi.org/10.5297/ser.1304.001

摘要

本研究目的是探討中華職棒球團組織公平、球員偏差行為之問題和整體外在環境的影響，據以提出中華職棒勞資公平關係之機制。本研究為深度訪談之質性研究，以半結構式訪談大綱訪問球員、球團聯盟人員及專家學者等12位，使用樣版式分析法配合文獻及次級資料分析相關研究結果。研究結果：一、球團組織公平問題：球員無故被釋出、球員薪資偏低、保留條款、自由球員制度限制大、仲裁制度不對等、約滿續約、球員對加薪和減薪不滿、球員被釋出後重新登錄的問題、球員選秀、獨立經紀約、職災保險及參加工會的問題。二、球員偏差行為有：運動禁藥使用、球場暴力、收賄、打放水球及生活紀律。三、影響中華職棒整體發展的環境因素：經濟不景氣、球團的經營心態、全球化的影響、選手教育的偏差發展及觀眾對棒球運動的涉入不足。四、中華職棒勞資公平關係的機制：設置職業棒球運動法、聯盟自主獨立經營、重塑球團的經營目標、棒球教育體制的建立、建立屬地營造在地認同和製造話題以塑造職棒英雄。本研究結論：中華職棒球團應重新研議符合時代潮流的勞資公平關係規章制度，另使用重典，才足以嚇阻球員有參與不法行為的念頭，再輔以道德及法治的教育，從心教育球員。

關鍵字

規章制度 ； 偏差行為 ； 環境因素

並列摘要

The purpose of this study was to explore the unfairness in the regulations and rules made by the Chinese Professional Baseball League (CPBL) club, the deviant behavior of the players, and the impact of external environment. The findings were then used to propose a mechanism to safeguard a fair labor-employer relationship. This study was conducted by a semi-structural qualitative interview to 12 practitioners in baseball. And, template analysis method was adopted. The findings were: (1) Problems of organizational justice: the players being released for no reason, the players of low wages, reservation clause, over-restrictions in the free agent system, problems in arbitration system, contract extension, dissatisfaction in pay increase and pay cut, re-registration problem of the released players, the player draft system, the independent agency contract, the occupational accident insurance, and whether to join the player union, etc. (2) Players' deviant behaviors: using drugs, stadium violence, receiving bribes, playing fault games, and disciplinary issues. (3) External environmental factors: economic downturn, commercial mentality of team owners, the effects of globalization, deviant development in player education, and inadequate involvement of the spectators. (4) Mechanism enforces the fair labor-employer relationship in the CPBL: setting professional sports law, autonomous and independent operation of CPBL, reshaping the business objectives of teams, establishing a professional baseball education system, establishing territorial identity, and promoting baseball heroes. CPBL clubs should modify the relevant regulations that accommodate fair labor-employer relationship with the current trend. Stricter codes of law should be enforced to effectively prevent players from involving in illegal conducts. Ethical and legal education should also be implemented to educate players from their bottom of hearts.

並列關鍵字

rules and regulations ； deviant behavior ； external environmental factors

參考文獻

小記（2009，11 月11 日）。讓渡名單應該更透明。YAHOO 運動名家專欄。資料引自http://tw.sports.yahoo.com/cpbl/blog/cpbl_cub/2598.html

中時電子報（2009，12 月28 日）。頭腦簡單，四肢發達？「半文盲」球員只會打球？資料引自http://sports.chinatimes.com/2007Cti/2007Cti-News/Inc/2007cti-news-Sport-inc/Sport-Content/0,4752,11051202+132009122800511,00.html

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丹尼兔（2008，6 月15 日）。CPBL 可引進專業投資與經營團隊。YAHOO 運動名家專欄。資料引自http://tw.sports.yahoo.com/cpbl/blog/unhit_dannytu/39.html

丹尼兔（2010，8 月24 日）。陳瑞振這一拳， 打出一堆問題。YAHOO 運動名家專欄。資料引自http://tw.sports.yahoo.com/cpbl/blog/unhit_dannytu/1263.html