「成人生涯認知量表」之發展及其效度研究

The Development and Validation of the Adult Career Cognitive Scale

田秀蘭(Hsiu-Lan Shelley Tien) ； 郭乃文(Nei-Wen Kao)

《測驗年刊》 49卷1期 (2002/01) Pp. 19-38

摘要

本研究主要目的在發展一套適合台灣地區一般成人使用之「成人生涯認知量表」。研究過程分三階段，第一階段以半結構訪談及開放問卷方式蒐集量表之預試題庫；第二階段進行預試量表之施測及刪題步驟，以發展正式量表；第三階段則進行正式量表之信度及效度研究，並建立常模。第一階段研究對象包括接受訪談的24名在職成人以及填答開放式問卷的104位在職成人；第二階段的有效樣本為315位成人；第三階段有效樣本則包括606位成人，常模建立樣本則為928人。所建立之「成人生涯認知量表」，分認知複雜度、自我效能、工作投入以及生涯阻礙四個分量表。認知複雜度分量表主要在測量個人認知發展對其工作中人際間題的處理及適應情形。自我效能分信心強度、難度知覺、以及推論性三個部分，其α係數分別為.76,.74及.83。工作投入分心力入、投入價值、以及投入阻礙三部分，其α係數分別為.84,.79及.64。生涯阻礙則分自我認識、性別差別待遇、他人支持、多重角色、競爭條件以及家人不鼓勵從事非傳統職業六個分量表，其α係數分別為.91,.93,.88,.76,.79及.81。在效度方面，驗證性因素分析的結果，除工作投入中投入阻礙此一結構不被支持外，自我效能及生涯阻礙的建構效度是得到支持的。此外，對工作很滿意以及不滿意兩組受試者，除了在信心強度上的差異並不明顯外，在基餘各分量表上的差異均有達統計上的顯著意義。認知複雜度也能明顯區別不同教育程度的受試，顯示本量表有不錯的區別效度。本研究最後並根據928位有效樣本建立常模。

關鍵字

生涯認知 ； 生涯阻疑 ； 自我效能 ； 工作投入 ； 生涯諮商 ； 生涯發展 ； 成人生涯

並列摘要

The purpose of the study was to develop the “adult Career Cognitive Scale” for college students and working adults in Taiwan. It’s a three-stage study. In the first stage, we collected test items through semistructure interviews and open-ended questionnaires. A pilot scale was the developed. In the second stage, the formal scale was established by omitting inappropriate items. In the third stage, we test the reliability and validity of the scale. The established scale was divided into four scales: Cognitive complex, Career self-efficacy, Career barriers, and Work involvement. The numbers of items for each of the four scales were 20,15,30, and 20. Coefficient alphas for the four scales were .79, .81, .95, and .81 respectively. As far as the validity of the scale, the results of comformatory factor analysis verify the validity of the Career self-efficacy and Career barrier scales. Discriminatnt validities for the four scales were generally speaking supported by the MONOVA tests. We finally developed norms for the scale.

並列關鍵字

Career Counseling ； Career Cognitive ； Adult career development ； Career Efficacy ； Career Barriers ； Career Involvement

參考文獻

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