國民小學中文詞彙閱讀測驗之編製

The Development of the Chinese Vocabulary Test for Elementary School Children

曾雅瑛(Ya-Ying Tseng) ； 黃秀霜(Hsiu-Shuang Huang)

《測驗年刊》 49卷2期 (2002/07) Pp. 199-216

摘要

本研究之主要目的是發展一份適用於國小學生之標準化中文詞彙閱讀測驗，初步探討學生詞彙能力的發展概況，並豐富研究及實務應用的工具資源。本研究先審視目前有關中文詞彙的研究，據此編製中文詞彙閱讀測驗的預試題目，低年級預試題目有98題，中、高年級各100題，經預試後，篩選出各年段之正式題目各50題，內容包含詞彙填寫、詞彙替換、詞彙選擇及詞彙判斷四類，依年段差異，每種題型題數在7到30題之間。研究依據台灣省北、中、南、東及台北市地區1033位有教樣本資料，建構常模。低、中、高三個年段的試題平均通過率分別為0.624、0.717、及0.748，各式測驗內部一致性在0.87到0.89間，效度分析的結果顯示，各類測驗內容間的相關在0.51至0.72之間，本研究亦分析不向背景學生在訶彙閱讀測驗上的表現，發現女生表現略優於男生，而城區學生也略優於鄉間學生，不同國語文能力的組間也呈現系統而明顯的差異。此外，本研究亦探討其他詞彙測驗的相闢因素，如共同試題、詞頻與試題呈現方式，發現樣本在共同試題的答對率隨著年級增加而提升，而詞頻與答對率之間的相關則不強。整體而言，本測驗對國語文學習困難學生的篩選和初步診斷具參考價值。

關鍵字

中文詞彙 ； 標準化測驗 ； 詞類

並列摘要

The purpose of this research is to design a standardized Chinese vocabulary test for elementary school children to enrich the tool resource of research application. The related research on Chinese vocabulary were reviewed first, then a scientific and systematic sample of Chinese vocabulary was selected to construct the test. From the pilot-test, 98 items were compiled and to be administrated to the second graders, 100 items for the fourth and fifth graders respectively. There
were 50 items to be selected for the formal test which were categorized into four categories in each age group. There were seven to thirty items in each category. 1034 children were sampled as the norm. The average item difficulty index was 0.62, 0.71 and 0.74 for the second, fourth, and fifth graders respectively. The correlation coefficients among subtest were ranged from 0.51 to 0.72. The performance of different background children was also analyzed. The result showed that the better the children's Chinese achievement was, the better their Chinese vocabulary ability was. Besides that, the gender difference only found for the fourth graders and the location difference was found for all age groups. Moreover, this study also investigated other factors about vocabulary test, such as common item and word frequency and the way item presented. The results suggested the higher graders performed better in common items. However, the correlation between word frequency and the difficulty index was weak. Overall, this test functions effectively for the preliminary screening and diagnosing purpose.

並列關鍵字

Chinese vocabulary ； standardized test ； word frequency

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