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  • 期刊

「科學創造性問題解決測驗」之發展

Development of the Children Scientific Creative Problem Solving Test

摘要


本研究根據Parnes(1977)所提出的創意問題解決模式(creative problem solving, CPS),重新修訂一份適用於國小五、六年級學童的「科學創造性問題解決測驗」,旨在了解學童於日常生活情境中,以科學知識為基礎,運用觀察、分析與高層次思考,進而解決問題的能力。研究對象包含預試樣本487位學生,正式樣本717位學生。本測驗以情境題組的方式,分別從觀察問題、界定問題、分析問題與解決問題等四個歷程編擬,每個歷程各編寫8個項目,分三個部分(看圖說故事、整理筆記、腦筋急轉彎),共計32題。經以Rasch部分給分模式分析,修訂後之量表具有良好的模式資料適配度。所有的題目在男、女生並無明顯的差異試題功能(differential item functioning, DIF),且觀察問題、界定問題、分析問題與解決問題的信度分別是.70、.75、.78與.76。最後,針對「科學創造性問題解決測驗」的發展與應用,提出未來研究之建議。

並列摘要


Based on the model of creative problem solving (Parnes, 1977), this study revised the Children Scientific Creative Problem Solving (CS-CPS) Test for 5th and 6th graders. A total of 1,204 students completed the CS-CPS contained sample one (n = 487) and sample two (n = 717). The test was designed to measure pupils' creativity in real-life problem solving. The test covered 4 major processes, problem-observation, problemdefinition, problem-analysis, and problem-solution. The test contained 8 testlets, each with 4 items. These 32 items can be classified into 3 parts: story telling, note making, and fun puzzle. The Rasch partial credit model was used to assess model-data fit. A differential item functioning (DIF) analysis was conducted to assess the consistency of the ratings provided by males and females. The results revealed that the four dimensions of the CS-CPS showed good model-data fit and supported the four-factor classification. It was found that the 4 subtests (processes) had person separate reliabilities of .70, .75, .78, and .76. Finally, suggestions for future research to revise and apply the CS-CPS were proposed.

參考文獻


洪文東(2013)。國小創造性問題解決化學單元教學與學習材料設計及評估。美和學報。32(1),137-162。
江美惠(2005)。創造性問題解決教學方案對資優學生創造力及問題解決能力影響之研究。資優教育研究。5(2),83-106。
鄭英耀、劉昆夏(2007)。科展績優教師創意思考教學模式之建構:以國小自然科「太陽的運行」為例。教育學刊。28,137-168。
鄭英耀、劉昆夏、張川木(2007)。國小自然科創造性問題解決教學效果之研究。科學教育學刊。15(5),565-591。
洪文東(2003)。創造性問題解決化學單元教學活動設計與評估。科學教育學刊。11(4),407-430。

被引用紀錄


王佳琪、鄭英耀、何曉琪(2016)。科學想像力圖形測驗之發展教育科學研究期刊61(4),177-204。https://doi.org/10.6209/JORIES.2016.61(4).07

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