職業棒球運動員運動目標取向、自覺能力與知覺成功信念之相關研究

The Relationship of Goal Orientation, Perceived Competence and Beliefs about Success among Professional Baseball Players

彭郁芬(Yuh-Fen Peng) ； 溫富雄(Fu-Shiung Wen) ； 蔣憶德(Yi-Te Chiang) ； 陳淑滿(Shu-Man Chen)

《北體學報》 13期 (2005/12) Pp. 29-38

摘要

本研究主要探討國內最高競技水準之職業棒球運動選手目標取向和成功信念的關係，也進一步探討自覺能力是否為調合變項。本研究參與者為中華職棒與那魯灣職業棒球聯盟共八支球隊150人，平均年齡為26.95±4.80歲。問新卷內容包括基本資料、運動目標取向量表、自覺能力量表與知覺成功信念量表。研究結果發現，運動目標取向對於職棒球員的成功信念有其預測力，自我取向與工作取向是不法取巧的主要預測變項。自我取向愈高且工作取向愈低的選手，愈傾向認為以不法取巧的方式可以達到成功。而工作取向是「努力」的主要預測變項，選手的工作取向愈高，認為努力會達到成功的信念會愈高。
此外，職棒選手高工作取向／高自我取向的傾向和自覺能力比其他競技水準的運動員都來得高。後續可針對職棒選手的成功信念是否會進一步影響個人價值觀、運動家精神及相關成就行為和針對不同競技水準選手的目標取向輪廓(goal profile)及自覺能力水準進行更深入的研究。

關鍵字

目標取向 ； 自覺能力 ； 成功信念

並列摘要

The purposes of this study were to examine the relationship of goal orientation, perceived competence and beliefs about success among professional baseball players and to determine whether the perceived competence was the moderater of goal orientation and beliefs about success.
Subjects were 150 baseball players from Chinese Professional Baseball League and Taiwan Major League (average age=26.95±4.8). Subjects completed goal orientation, perceived competence and beliefs about success questionnaires during non-competition period.
The results indicated that goal orientation has predicting power to professional baseball players' beliefs of success. The ego and task orientation were main predictors of taking advantage. Players with higher ego and lower task orientation predispose themselves to believe that success can be attained via advantage taking. Task orientation is the major predictor to endeavor. Players with higher task orientation will predispose to have this belief that success can be attained via endeavor.
Furthermore, high task and high ego orientation and self-conscious ability of professional baseball players are higher than players in other sports. Thus, whether beliefs about success among professional baseball players will further affect their personal value, sportsmanship and relevant achievements will be worth investigating. Topics such as goal profiles of players with different level and self-conscious ability can be inclusive in future studies as well.

並列關鍵字

goal orientation ； perceived competence ； beliefs about success

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