普羅大眾說出「創造力」的語言及其反映的思維：以2003年台灣6-19歲社群為例

是誰的創造力正被推動之於全民？而普羅大眾的創造力又是什麼？這些重要問題在提升創造力成為目前台灣全民運動之際仍少見嚴正的面對。本研究目的在透過問卷調查與內容分析法，探究6-19歲台灣普羅大眾說出創造力的語言及其反映的思維、及其對英美學術社群說出創造力的語言之認同度。研究結果顯示：（1）獲得13-19歲社群高度認同的創造力存在狀態與特徵，與學術社群語言中強度高者多不相同；（2）對於6-19歲社群而言，創造力奇妙地存在於任一獨特的人類個體中，以不可思議的能力或感覺、或以突發或意想不到的想像出場，以豐富變化的點子或構想現身，也可以某種新奇好玩有趣可愛的東西、以前所未有別人還沒想到的發明、或以某種隨意自由卻與眾不同的具體行動來展露自己的存在；（3）6-19歲社群說出創造力的語言及其反映的思維較學術社群更為多元、反映自我、重視趣味性；學術社群所說出的創造力則浮現其社會化的記憶、實用主義的期許、理性主義成人的圖像、以及對現代性的旨趣；（4）6-19歲社群對某些創造力存在狀態與特徵的認同度受性別、年齡與教育程度所影響。

關鍵字

6-19歲；思維；創造力；普羅大眾；語言

並列摘要

Creativity is currently one of the hottest issues in educational and social movements. But little attention is being paid to some fundamental questions. For example, by what or whom is the creativity of the general population, and more specifically of the young people, stimulated and enhanced? And, after all, how could we even define what the young people in a given society mean by ”creativity”? This study combines the use of a survey with qualitative and statistical methods to examine: (1) the words used by Taiwanese aged 6-19 for ”creativity” and the thought embedded in these words; and (2) the extent to which, compared with adult Anglo-American academics, these Taiwanese subjects seem to agree on the means of the ”creativity words” they commonly use. The findings were as follows: (1) the areas of greatest agreement on the meaning of creativity (including its states and characteristics) for the Taiwanese subjects were for the most part different from the areas of greatest agreement for the Western academics; (2) for the Taiwanese subjects, there is a general agreement that creativity miraculously exists in each individual, appears as a capacity, feeling, sudden or unexpected imagine or fantasy, as a playful, rich and changeable idea, or shows itself through novel, interesting or cute things or discoveries, through free concrete; (3) the Taiwanese thinking about creativity seems very polycentric, reflects images appropriate to the subjects' age (6-19), and tends to emphasize the idea of amusement, while for Western academics creativity is defined based on the adult's experience on socialization, their peculiar pragmatic expectations, and the assumed images or thinking of a modern, rational elite; (4) the language used by Taiwanese subjects to describe the states and characteristics of creativity is significantly influenced by their own gender, age, and educational degree.