稿酬制度與「十七年」文學生產

Remuneration System and Literary Production in the Seventeen Years

黃發有(Huang Fayou)

《中國現代文學》 30期 (2016/12) Pp. 41-59

摘要

在「十七年」的文學環境中，稿酬標準的總體趨勢是逐漸下降，而且稿酬標準呈現出不斷加劇的政治化傾向，稿費多的作家和翻譯家被當作反面典型。本文在梳理與反思「十七年」文學稿酬政策的歷史演變的基礎上，考察了稿酬制度對「十七年」文學生產的多方面影響。首先，它抑制了文學的豐富性和多元性，使得文學創作表現出一種平均主義的傾向；其次，職業作家的消失；再次，損傷了創作的積極性和自主性。片面追求稿酬會產生偏頗，但是貶抑作家的創造性勞動，在根本上就是貶抑作家的主體性。非常有趣的是，隨著稿費標準的下降，文學創作的專業性和藝術性也在下降。「十七年」文學的稿酬問題，其實質是一個被上升到政治層面的經濟權問題。

關鍵字

「十七年」文學 ； 稿酬制度 ； 文學生產

並列摘要

In the literary environment of ＂Seventeen Years＂, the overall trend of remuneration standards gradually declined. Furthermore, the remuneration standards showed an increasing politicized tendency, and the writers and translators receiving high remuneration were regarded as negative examples. On the basis of sorting out and reflecting the historical evolution of the literary remuneration policy in the ＂Seventeen Years＂, this paper explores various effects of remuneration system on the literary production in the ＂Seventeen Years＂. First, it inhibits the richness and diversity of literature, leading to a tendency of egalitarianism in literary creation. Second, it contributes to the disappearance of professional writers. Third, it harms the enthusiasm and autonomy of writing. Sided pursuit of remuneration will result in bias, but belittles writers' creative work and in essence, belittles their subjectivity. Very interestingly, with the decline of remuneration standards, the professionalism and artistic quality of literary creation also declined. Remuneration of literature in ＂Seventeen Years＂ is essentially an issue of economic right that was raised to the political level.

並列關鍵字

Literature in the ＂Seventeen Years＂ ； remuneration system ； literary production

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