冷凍乾燥處理對酵素基質保護酵素活性效果之影響

The Effect of Freeze Drying on Enzyme Activity Protection Efficacy by Their Substrates

王翰聰(Han-Tsung Wang) ； 徐濟泰(Jih-Tay Hsu)

《華岡農科學報》 15期 (2005/06) Pp. 51-67

https://doi.org/10.29985/HKJA.200506.0005

摘要

本試驗以Aspergillus niger之纖維素分解酵素、Bacillus sp.之α-澱粉分解酵素及Bacillus globigii之蛋白質分解酵素為對象，比較冷凍乾燥處理前後，各類酵素基質對酵素之活性保護效果。在模擬家禽全消化道系統下，濾紙、Avicel、纖維素與牛血清白蛋白(BSA)，均可維持纖維素分解酵素殘餘活性達未保護者的6至7倍。大豆蛋白與BSA可維持蛋白質分解酵素殘餘活性達未保護者的1.5倍。澱粉則可保護α-澱粉分解酵素殘餘活性達2.5倍。模擬單冑動物連貫消化道系統下，濾紙、Avicel、纖維素與BSA，可維持纖維素分解酵素殘餘活性達未保護者的6至8倍。大豆蛋白與BSA添加，可維持蛋白質分解酵素殘餘活性達未保護者的2倍。澱粉與BSA均無法對澱粉分解酵素顯現保護效果。冷凍乾燥處理後，各種纖維基質對於纖維素分解酵素仍具有良好之保護效果。而添加蛋白質基質與澱粉基質，均無法有效保護冷凍乾燥處理後之蛋白質分解酵素與澱粉分解酵素活性。冷凍乾燥處理後，BSA添加只對纖維素分解酵素有明顯的保護效果。

關鍵字

纖維素分解酵素 ； 蛋白質分解酵素 ； 澱粉分解酵素 ； 保護基質 ； 冷凍乾燥處理

並列摘要

Cellulase from Aspergillus niger, α-amylase from Bacillus sp. and protease from Bacillus globigii were used as enzyme sources in this study to examine their respective substrates to protect them before and after freeze drying treatment. Avian total digest tract simulation test showed that filter paper, Avicel, cellulose and BSA resulted in 6 to 7 times residual activity of unprotected cellulase. Protease with addition of soybean protein and BSA showed 1.5 times residual activity of unprotected protease. Starch protected amylase to be 2.5 times residual activity of the unprotected one. Monogastric animal total digest tract simulation test showed that filter paper, Avicel, cellulose and BSA resulted in 6 to 8 times residual activity of unprotected cellulase. Soybean protein and BSA resulted in 2 times residual activity of unprotected protease. Starch and BSA did not protect amylase residual activity in monogastric animal total tract simulation. Cellulose substates still protected the cellulase residual activity after freeze drying treatment. Protease and amylase substrates did not protect enzyme residual activity effectively under freeze drying treatment. BSA only showed protection effect to cellulase residual activity under freeze drying treatment, but not to protease or amylase.

並列關鍵字

Cellulase ； Protease ； Amylase ； Protection substrate ； Freeze drying treatment