大學生家人關係及其對老年人態度之研究

College Students' Family Relationships and their Attitudes toward Older Adults

袁蕙芸(Hui-Yun Yuan) ； 林慧生(Hwei-Shen Lin) ； 林舜慈(Shun-Tzu Lin)

《華岡農科學報》 35期 (2015/06) Pp. 103-121

摘要

本研究旨在瞭解臺北市某國立科技大學生一至四年級學生之「個人背景變項」、「家人關係」與「對老年人態度」現況，探討受試者之「家人關係」與「對老年人態度」的相關性。本研究係採「問卷調查法」並以「分層叢集取樣」之抽樣方式，選取臺北市某國立科技大學生為研究對象，有效樣本數為 400 人，有效回收率為 88.88%。其結果以敘述統計、單一樣本 t 檢定、獨立樣本 t 檢定、單因子變異數分析、Scheffé 事後比較法、Pearson 積差相關、以及多元迴歸等統計方法加以分析，研究結果顯示大學生「家人關係」傾向良好，尤其以「情感傳達」情形最為良好；「對老年人態度」趨於正向的態度，而以「情感意向」最為正向。大學生的「家人關係」與「對老年人態度」兩者間是具有相關性，且「家人關係」能預測「對老年人態度」。本研究依據研究結果所提出建議，父母與親職代理人可親近家庭成員心理需求，促進溫馨和諧家人關係；健全家庭功能，親子共同參與成長團體及講座；安排親子家庭活動，建立良好示範行為；學校教育單位可規劃家人關係及老化教育相關課程，宣導與強化正向態度；提供服務老年人的互動機會，建構及儲備扶老資源；政府機關可善用大眾傳媒，強化家人關係與型塑老年人形象；提供代間活動場所，制定良好老年福祉政策；最後，未來研究者可針對研究區域、樣本、方法、變項等加以擃展相關研究。

關鍵字

大學生 ； 老年人 ； 家人關係 ； 對老年人態度

並列摘要

The study aims to investigate the correlations between family relationships and attitudes toward the elderly among college students in a public technology university in Taipei.The study used survey method to gather data and used stratified sampling procedures to select study participants. The survey instruments consists of three parts, including personal background, Family Relationships Questionnaire, and Attitudes toward the Elderly Scale. A total of 450 questionnaires were distributed and 438 were returned. Among the returned questionnaires, 400 were valid. The response rate is 88.88%. Data was analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way ANOVA, Scheffé post-hoc comparison, Pearson correlation, and multiple regression. The results showed that participants' family relationships and interactions are most likely to be positive, especially on emotion expression. Their attitudes toward the elderly are most likely to be positive, especially on emotion intention. Correlations are found between participants' family relationships and attitudes toward the elderly, and family relationships are found to be the predictor of attitudes toward the elderly. Based on the findings, the researcher suggest that parents are encouraged to be aware of family relationships and positive interactions; schools are encouraged to offer courses related to family relationships and gerontology to improve positive attitudes toward the elderly; and the government agency is encouraged to provide sufficient space and areas for intergenerational interaction.

並列關鍵字

college students ； older adults ； family relationships ； attitudes toward older adults