從無量義經談慈濟人文實踐

《無量義經》(Anatanirdeśa sūtra)，是《法華經》(Sadharma pundarīka Sūtra)的「開經」。本經中，佛告訴大莊嚴菩薩：「有一法門，能令眾生疾得無上正等正覺。該法門從『無相』(animitta)生，稱之為『無量義」，所以應該修習甚深無上大乘經典－《無量義經》。」慈濟宗門以《無量義經》為修行依據：證嚴法師強調「慈濟是由善門入佛門」，「人文就是人品典範，文史流芳」。因此，本文試著從略述《無量義經》「中國撰述」說，進而論述本經要旨「無相法門」，其次討論「慈濟人文」的理念與精神，最後依本經的「十功德品」來探討慈濟人文，是如何依「無相」法門，從善門行入佛門，實踐人品典範。

關鍵字

無量義經；慈濟人文；無相法門

並列摘要

Ancitanirdeśa sūtra is the foundation (pioneer) of the Lotus Sutra (Saddharmapundarīka Sūtra). In this sutra, the Buddha told the Great Dignity Bodhisattva: ”There is a practice that can help sentient beings quickly attain supreme enlightenment. This method of practice, developed from the understanding of formlessness' (animitta), is also called 'immeasurable meaning'. Thus, we should practice this Sutra of Immeasurable Meaning (Anatanirdeśa)-the profound and supreme sutra of the Mahayana.Tzu Chi established their practices based on the Anatanirdeśasūtra. The Venerable Cheng Yen emphasizes that ”Tzu Chi's practice of Buddhism starts from the gate of wholesomeness,” and ”Humanism means a model of morality, and a good culture that lasts throughout history.” Thus, in this article, I will try to briefly outline the Chinese version of the Anatanirdeśasūtra, then discuss the theme of the sutra-'the practice of formlessness.' Next, I will talk about Tzu Chi's ideology and aspirations on humanism. Finally, based on the Ten Virtues mentioned in the Amitarthasutra, I will analyze Tzu Chi's practice of humanism, how they try to follow the teachings on 'formlessness,' and go in depth into the learning of Buddhism through the practice of wholesomeness, and hence, realize the model of morality.