經濟議題與民主體制評價－東亞國家的觀察

Economic Issues and the Evaluation of Democracy: An Observation from East Asia

吳親恩(Chin-En Wu)

《臺灣民主季刊》 6卷1期 (2009/03) Pp. 1-39

https://doi.org/10.6448/TDQ.200903.0001

摘要

本文觀察經濟表現對東亞民眾民主體制評價的影響，民主體制評價包括對民主運作的滿意度以及對民主體制的支持。實證發現，經濟議題對民主滿意度有很顯著的作用，幾個東亞人民重視的經濟議題，包括失業、所得分配與經濟發展等，都是影響人民民主滿意度的重要因素。其次，主觀的經濟評估與客觀的經濟指標，都會影響人們對於民主運作的滿意度。此外，對社會整體經濟狀況評估的影響力大於受訪者對個人社經狀況的評估。不過民主化的先後與國民所得的高低則並未影響經濟表現與民主評價間的關係。本文也發現，經濟表現的好壞對於民主滿意度的影響較大，而與民主體制支持間的關係較弱，但並未出現完全脫鉤的狀態。失業與所得分配指標雖然沒有直接影響民主支持，但是透過民主滿意度間接影響了對民主的支持。最後，本文也討論了制約經濟變項對民主評價影響力的幾項因素。

關鍵字

失業 ； 所得分配 ； 民主滿意度 ； 民主支持 ； 東亞

並列摘要

The empirical results shown in this paper reveal that it is economic issues significantly influences the citizens' evaluation of democracy. Issues such as unemployment, income distribution and economic development carry the most weight. Both subjective economic evaluation and objective economic indicators influence public attitude. In addition, sociotropic evaluation weighs more than pocketbook evaluation in assessing democratic performance. Lengths of democratic experience and levels of development, however, do not mediate the relationship between economic performance and democratic satisfaction. Economic performance is associated more with satisfaction regarding the way democracy works than with support for democracy. Finally, the paper identifies three factors which condition the influence of economic variables on democratic evaluation.

並列關鍵字

unemployment ； income distribution ； satisfaction with democracy ； support for democracy ； East Asia

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