回首來時路：成年女性因應兒時性侵害經驗之策略及其轉變因素

Coping Strategies of Taiwanese Women with a History of Childhood Sexual Abuse

簡美華(Mei-Hua Chien)

《中華輔導與諮商學報》 23期 (2008/03) Pp. 81-116

https://doi.org/10.7082/CJGC.200803.0081

摘要

對兒時遭遇性侵害的女性而言，成長歷程中，若能採用多重策略，因應性侵害之影響，或許對成年期生活適應有益。但以往的研究，只著重在探討逃避因應策略，和心理病癥之關連性，甚難瞭解因應兒時性侵害經驗之歷程。因此，本研究主要目的：在於深入瞭解兒時遭遇性侵害女性，因應性侵害影響之策略，和促使因應策略轉變之因素。本研究採「生命史」研究法，以立意選樣，選取五位成年女性進行深度訪談。所有訪談過程都予以錄音，並依口述資料，進行編碼後，形成二個重要類屬。受訪者慣用知命、運用閱讀治療、逃避人際親密、解離因應、或避免受虐情境重現之因應策略。且在成年早期，面臨必須正視兒時性創傷、工作生涯的抉擇、重新建構兒時性侵害經驗、諮商歷程產生權能激發時，都可能促使其因應策略轉變。依本研究發現和檢視相關實證研究，進行深入討論，且對於未來實務工作及研究方向，提供具體建議。

關鍵字

女性 ； 因應 ； 兒童時期性侵害

並列摘要

Previous studies indicated that women with a history of childhood sexual abuse (CSA) often adopt avoidance strategies to deal with the impact of CSA. However, little is known about how their coping strategies change over time. The purpose of this qualitative study is to examine the coping strategies used by CSA survivors to deal with the long-term sequelae of CSA and to determine the factors that contribute to changes in coping strategies. A life-history design was used, and in-depth interviews were conducted to collect data from five Taiwanese participants, recruited by purposive sampling. All interviews were audio-taped and transcribed. A line-by-line approach has used to develop themes from the transcripts. The results indicate that strategies adopted to cope with the long-term effects of CSA include a variety of factors as optimism, bibliotherapy, avoidance of interpersonal intimacy, dissociation, and avoidance of flashbacks. During young adulthood, participants tended to change coping strategies as a result of facing the CSA trauma, changing careers, reframing the CSA experience, and developing a sense of empowerment from counseling experiences. Limitations of the present study, implications of the current findings, and recommendations for future research are also discussed.

並列關鍵字

childhood sexual abuse ； coping strategies ； Taiwanese women

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