個人、家庭與學校脈絡中的影響變因與青少年身心健康發展軌跡之討論

The Impact of Self-Esteem, Factors in Family and School Contexts on Trajectories of Adolescent Depressive Symptom

黃鈺婷(Yu-Ting Huang)

《中華輔導與諮商學報》 29期 (2011/04) Pp. 161-181

https://doi.org/10.7082/CJGC.201104.0161

摘要

本研究使用一筆青少年貫時性追蹤資料，嘗試突破橫斷式資料的囿限，應用潛在成長曲線模型的研究方法，試圖捕捉青少年憂鬱症狀的起始狀態、與個別的成長軌跡發展，並納入動態影響變因，分析這些變項對於青少年身心健康發展的影響。本研究以924個國中生重覆填答之測量資料，分析個人自尊、家庭脈絡下的因子（親子關係滿意度）、學校脈絡下的因子（學校依附、師生關係、好朋友關係）等五個動態變因對青少年憂鬱症狀軌跡發展跨時間的影響。研究結果發現：(1)青少年的自尊是影響青少年憂鬱症狀發展軌跡的最關鍵因子；(2)親子關係滿意度，對於青少年憂鬱症狀的影響僅及於起始狀態；以及(3)師生和好朋友關係影響青少年長期憂鬱症狀的發展。研究結論顯示：家庭與學校脈絡中的動態變因，對青少年身心健康發展軌跡的影響，具不同時序的影響效果。

關鍵字

青少年 ； 憂鬱症狀 ； 影響變因 ； 潛在成長曲線模型

並列摘要

Derived from a panel study on Taiwanese adolescents, this study intended to break through the limitations of cross-sectional studies and attempted to model the adolescents' initial status and the developments of their depressive symptoms with the latent growth curve model. The adolescents' self-esteem and several family and school contextual latent constructs (e.g., satisfaction with the parent-child relationship, school attachment, and relationships with teachers and friends) are factors affecting the developments of adolescents' well-beings.
The participants consisted of 924 junior high school students who had completed repeated measurements over time. The results showed that self-esteem was the most crucial factor on the developments of adolescents' depressive symptoms. While an adolescent's satisfaction with parent-child relationship had little impact on an adolescent's initial status of depressive symptoms, the relationships with teachers and friends significantly influenced the changing path of an adolescent's depressive symptoms. The findings suggest that the impact of family and school contextual factors on the development of an adolescent's depressive symptoms varies over time.

並列關鍵字

adolescent ； depressive symptom ； dynamic factor ； latent growth curve model

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