鋼鐵製造業操作人員之生活品質

Quality of Life among Manual Workers in the Steel Manufacturing Industry

李佩珍(Pei-Chen Lee) ； 郭慕蓉(Mu-Jong Kuo) ； 李中一(Chung-Yi Li)

《輔仁醫學期刊》 3卷2期 (2005/06) Pp. 81-90

摘要

背景和目的：探討我國鋼鐵製造業操作人員之生活品質現況，並探討人口學變項、生活習慣以及工作狀況與工作者生活品質間的相關性。方法：於2001年8月至10月間選取某民營鋼鐵製造業1018名本國籍現職員工為研究樣本，以團體施測方法利用台灣版聯合國世界衛生組織健康相關生活品質量簡表(WHOQOL-BREF)」為工具利用團體施測方式評估受訪者生理、心理、社會關係、與環境等範疇之生活品質分數，並利用結構式問卷蒐集受訪對象有關人口學變項、生活習慣以及工作狀況等變項資料，利用多變量變異數分析方法，以及單維變異數分析與成對比較等事後檢定程序分析這些變項與各範疇生活品質分數間之相關性。結果：研究對象在各範疇生活品質的平均得分中以與社會關係有關之生活品質得分最高（14.24分），其次是心理（13.19分）、環境（12.81分）、與生理(12.10)範疇的得分。婚姻與生理、心理、以及社會關係等三個生活品質範疇均有顯著相關，而事後檢定發現已婚/同居者個範疇之生活品質分數均一致性地高於未婚／單身者。此外，有每天喝酒習慣者其生理生活品質分數明顯較低。而在環境生活品質方面，平均每週工作天數較少者、以及年資較久者會有較高的分數。結論：本研究數據建議應增進鋼鐵製造業操作性員工生理相關之生活品質現況。雖然受限於橫斷性研究設計，本研究仍傾向指出，結婚、減少飲酒頻率、與減少每週工作天數等可改變的因素能夠增進生理或環境範疇之生活品質。

關鍵字

生活品質 ； 流行病學 ； 鋼鐵製造業 ； 橫斷式研究 ； 職業衛生

並列摘要

Background and Purpose: In this study, we attempted to explore the quality of life (QOL) among manual workers from the steel manufacturing industry in Taiwan, and to explore the associations of QOL with demographic, lifestyle, and employment factors. Methods: Between August and October 2001, we surveyed 1018 manual workers from a private steel mill. The WHOQOL-BREF scale was used with group administration techniques to assess workers' QOL in the physical, psychological, social relations, and environmental domains. We also used a constructed questionnaire to collect information on workers' demographic, lifestyle, and employment factors whose associations with domain-specific QOL scores were statistically evaluated by multivariate analysis of variance and post hoc analysis. Results: The mean score of QOL was highest at 14.24 for the social relations domain, followed by the psychological, environmental, and physical domains with respective mean scores of 13.19, 12.81, and 12.10. Marital status was significantly associated with QOL scores in the physical, psychological, and social relations domains, for which workers who were married or cohabitating had domain-specific scores consistently higher than those who were unmarried or single. Additionally, daily alcohol consumption was associated with a significantly lower QOL score in the physical domain, while workers with fewer workdays per week and longer employment periods tended to have significantly higher QOL scores in the environmental domain. Conclusion: This study suggests a need for improvement in the physical domain of the QOL for manual workers in the steel industry. Despite limitations in causal inferences associated with a cross-sectional design, the study indicates that certain modifiable variables including marriage, decreased alcohol consumption frequency, and reduced weekly workdays may help improve QOL scores in both the physical and environmental domains.

並列關鍵字

quality of life ； epidemiology ； steel manufacturing ； cross-sectional study ； occupational health