唐代的羯鼓研究

A Study on Tang Dynasty Jie Drum

周曉蓮(Hsiao-Lien Chou)

《嶺東通識教育研究學刊》 5卷3期 (2014/02) Pp. 23-40

摘要

唐代，是中國音樂發展上極輝煌時期。唐代不僅承襲前代傳統的音樂，且因國勢強盛，交通發達，與異域頻繁的往來，異地的樂曲與樂器傳入中土，經過融合與創新，因此，唐代音樂亦呈現多采多姿的異國風貌，甚至擴大了音樂與文學的領域，在唐代，羯鼓即具有此特殊性。羯鼓，屬敲擊樂器，來自外夷，盛行於開元、天寶年間，唐朝時，很多人喜愛且擅長羯鼓，唐玄宗便是其中之一，玄宗認為羯鼓是八音的領袖，其它樂器不可與之相比，唯在現今中國的音樂領域中，它卻是令人陌生的樂器名稱。事實上，此樂器在唐代音樂文學史上曾佔有一席之地，不僅有專門的《羯鼓錄》論著，且受到詩人的歌詠。是故本文試圖論述羯鼓之來源、形制、音色，進而提出專書、人物事蹟及詩作，藉以彰顯其所獨具的時代價值。

關鍵字

羯鼓 ； 羯鼓錄 ； 玄宗 ； 唐詩

並列摘要

During the Tang Dynasty, the development of Chinese music was flourishing. Owing to the powerful Emperor, convenient transportation and communicate with the foreign country frequently, also the alien mu sic and musician instruments in China by the process of mixing and innovation, Tang people not only inherited the previous traditional music, also Tang Dynasty's music presented the alien colorful view, even expanded the field of music and literature. In the period of Tang Dynasty, Jie Drum had the kind of characteristics. Jie drum, belonged to the percussion instrument, originated from the foreign country, was popular during Kai-Yuan and Tian-Bao periods. At that time, a lot of Tang people loved and were good at Jie Drum, Tang Xuan Zong was one of them, and he considered that Jie Drum was the leader of eight tones, the other instruments were not competitive with it. However, it is an unfamiliar name to Chinese music industry nowadays. In fact, this musical instrument had kept an important role in the history of music and literature in Tang Dynasty, received not only the theory compilation of ”Jie Drum Record”, but also the poets' compliments. This essay attempts to describe the source, the mold, and the timbre of Jie drum, proposes the special theories, personage's deeds and poems, in order to reflect its value in an unique era.

並列關鍵字

Jie drum ； Jie drum record ； Xuan-Zong ； Tang poetry

參考文獻

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