運用分子標幟輔助選拔提昇水稻「台稉九號」品種之耐旱性

Increasing Drought Tolerance of Rice Cultivar 'TK9' Using Marker- Assisted Selection

林昆鴻(Keung-Hung Lin) ； 郭介煒(Chieh-Wei Kuo) ； 許育嘉(Yu-Chia Hsu) ； 林彥蓉(Yann-Rong Lin) ； 吳永培(Yong-Pei Wu)

《作物、環境與生物資訊》 11卷4期 (2014/12) Pp. 177-194

https://doi.org/10.30061/CEB.201412_11(4).0001

摘要

本研究以秈型稻耐旱品種'HY15'為貢獻親，而臺灣優良稉型稻'TK9'為輪迴親，透過回交方式將'HY15'之耐旱性轉移至'TK9'。過程中利用28%聚乙二醇6000（polyethylene glycol 6000; PEG-6000）溶液的模擬缺水逆境處理，挑選出耐旱的植株，並於各回交世代之BCxF_1與BC4F_2進行分子標幟輔助背景選拔。結果發現，BC_2F_1、BC_3F_1、BC_4F_1及BC_4F_2世代回復輪迴親遺傳背景之比率分別為86.2、91.6、94.5及93.0%。而以'HY15'、'TK9'及10個BC_4F_4品系於三葉齡、五葉齡及七葉齡等3個幼苗時期，分別以28% PEG-6000模擬缺水之水分逆境處理評估材料之耐旱性表現，試驗發現多數品系之耐旱性表現優於輪迴親'TK9'，顯示已將'HY15'之耐旱特性導入'TK9'中，培育出高耐旱之稉型稻新品系。進一步評估12個耐旱品系（BC_4F_4）在水分管理下產量與構成要素表現，結果發現DT22擁有較重的穗重，DT38和DT56則具較高稔實率，三個品系稻穀產量皆達5,000 kg ha^(-1)以上，顯示獲選之三個耐旱品系具有缺水環境下之實際耐旱性栽培價值，未來可命名成為適合臺灣栽培利用之耐旱水稻新品種潛力。

關鍵字

分子標幟輔助選拔 ； 耐旱 ； 水稻

並列摘要

To introgress the gene(s) conferring drought-tolerance to the Taiwanese elite japonica cultivar 'Taikeng 9 (TK9)', a drought-tolerant cultivar 'Hang-yu 15 (HY15)' was used as a donor parent crossed to 'TK9'. Four backcrossing practices were conducted and the progenies of each backcross generation BC_xF_1 were screened for drought tolerance by treating with 28% PEG-6000 solution and consequently selected by molecular markers to recover the recurrent parent's genome. The percentages of recurrent parent recovery within selected individuals were 86.2, 91.6, 94.5 and 93.0% in BC_2F_1, BC_3F_1, BC_4F_1 and BC_4F_2, respectively. The 'HY15', 'TK9' and ten BC4F4 drought-tolerant lines were further evaluated for drought tolerance under the treatment of 28% PEG-6000 at three-leaf, five-leaf, and seven-leaf stages. More than half BC_4F_4 lines exhibited higher tolerance to drought stress than the recurrent parent, implying that the drought-tolerant characteristic of 'HY15' was successfully transferred to 'TK9' using marker assisted selection (MAS). In addition, 12 drought-tolerant BC_4F_4 lines were evaluated for grain yields and yield components. Among them, DT22 had heavy panicle weight and DT38 and DT56 had highest fertility. Three of drought-tolerance lines produced more than 5,000 kg ha^(-1), indicating that these three drought-tolerant lines can be grown in fields under water saving cultivation system. These drought-tolerant lines have potential to be developed as new rice cultivars for water-saving rice production in Taiwan.

並列關鍵字

Marker-assisted Selection (MAS) ； Drought tolerance ； Rice