論黑格爾對基督的批判與其“絕對宗教”概念

Hegel's Critique of Christianity and the Idea of Absolute Religion

程諾蘭(Noa-Lan Cheng)

《華梵人文學報》 3期 (2004/06) Pp. 249-284

https://doi.org/10.29930/HJH.200406.0008

摘要

延續中世紀宗教改革思潮的批判性，德國哲學家黑格爾以其精神哲學思想體系，從本質上反省基督宗教問題。宗教改革運動時期，基督宗教對人而言彷彿是一種異於己的存在，宗教因爲其權威性格與力量而被人服從與遵守，它並非出自人的內在精神主體的實現，這樣一種各體力量由外介入的對立性關係完全爲黑格爾所批判。所謂的批判，並不是意味著黑格爾對當時的基督宗教持絕對的反對態度，而是就其個人所認爲的錯誤意涵提出反省與糾正。他以相當於宇宙理性原則的詮釋，理解上帝與世界的內在關係，並以精神概念統一了人神之本質，強調基督是上帝，此上帝即爲人。作爲天啟宗教與絕對宗教的基督宗教，完全是絕對精神明現的結果，它已然超越了傳統基督宗教的意涵。

關鍵字

基督宗教 ； 精神 ； 上帝 ； 絕對宗教

並列摘要

Cortinuing the criticism essence of reformation in the middle age, Hegel fundamentally introspects Christianity from his own philosophy. During the time of reformation, Christianity present just likes others for man. People abide and mind such a religion only for its powerful authority that is not an actualization from human inner spirit, but an objective one. That is what Hegel criticizes afout. What here says critique does not intend that Hegel takes a completely opposed attitude to Christianity but reflects and corrects it. He argues that Christ is God and God is man in spiritual nature, and there is a rational principle between God and world-history. As a manifested and absolute religion, Christianity is extremely a demonstration of absolute spirit which is beyond the traditional meaning.

並列關鍵字

Christianity ； spirit ； God ； absolute religion

參考文獻

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