北宋詩人黃庭堅的生死智慧探究

Study on Living and Dying Wisdom of Poet Huang Ting-Chien in North Sung Dynasty

鍾美玲(Mei-Ling Chung)

《生死學研究》 3期 (2006/01) Pp. 209-248

https://doi.org/10.29844/JLDS.200601.0006

摘要

本文試圖從黃庭堅個人心性的體悟與修持之道（終極的追尋）、生命意義及價值的建構實現、落實於生活的情調意趣這三面向，來論述黃庭堅遷謫時期的生死智慧。本文以歷史文獻及資料分析法為主，引述的文獻資料主要著重在作者紹聖元年起（西元1094）至崇寧四年(1101)宜州去世此遷謫階段的創作。黃庭堅受傳統儒道佛思想的影響，面對近十一年的遷謫歲月，表現出個人的生死解脫智慧與生活因應之道，使創作的詩文，兼具理性與感性的啓悟。筆者最後歸結黃庭堅的生死智慧，落實於生活的積極踐履上，有如下的幾項特質：一、掌握個體的主自與尊嚴，發揮生命的價值；二、擁有心靈的開闊與自由；三、於矛盾衝突中維持和諧統一。

並列摘要

This essay attempts to describe the living and dying wisdom of the poet-Huang Ting-Chien during his exile period from the point of his realization of human nature and way of practice and cultivation (search for only truth), construction and fulfillment on meaning and value of life, and effectuation on the tune and fun of life, etc, three aspects. This essay mainly takes historical documents and information analysis method, the historical documents quoted mainly emphasized on the major writing of the poet during his exile period from 1094 to 1101 when he died at I Chou. Huang Ting-Chien has been deeply influenced by traditional Confucius, Taoism, and Buddhism thinking, when facing nearly 11 years of exile. He showed his free living and dying wisdom and way of adaptation to the change of life to make his poems have both sensible and sensational insight. The author finally concluded that the living and dying wisdom of Huang Ting-Chien has been effectuated on the active fulfillment of living. The writer has concluded the following few points about the poet:
1. To have a control over the self-determination and dignity of one self to develop the value of life.
2. To own mental openness and freedom.
3. To maintain a harmonic and unification between the contradiction and conflict.