促發情境對大學生死亡焦慮影響之研究：狀態性－特質性焦慮的探討

A Study on the Effects of Priming Situation on College Students' Death Anxiety: The Exploration on State-Trait Anxiety

蔡明昌(Tsai, Ming-Chang)

《生死學研究》 16期 (2014/08) Pp. 1-34

摘要

本研究的主要目的在於探討促發情境對於大學生死亡焦慮及「狀態性－特質性焦慮」之影響，並檢視促發情境提供前與提供後，大學生死亡焦慮及狀態性－特質性焦慮之相關情況，以狀態性－特質性焦慮的理論觀點瞭解促發情境對大學生死亡焦慮的作用。研究對象為171位自願參與的大學生，在觀賞死亡焦慮促發影片前、後分別填寫「狀態性－特質性焦慮量表」及「大學生死亡焦慮量表」。本研究的主要研究發現為：（1）死亡焦慮情境促發後，個體的「狀態性焦慮」、「死亡焦慮」均明顯增高，「特質性焦慮」則維持不變；（2）死亡焦慮情境促發前、後，大學生的死亡焦慮均與「狀態性焦慮」及「特質性焦慮」有顯著相關，但在情境促發後，個體的死亡焦慮與「狀態性焦慮」的關係更趨於密切；（3）死亡焦慮的「關係喪失」及「無助與疼痛」二層面，在死亡焦慮情境促發後，其與「狀態性－特質性焦慮」才具有顯著相關；以及（4）死亡焦慮的「來生與審判」層面與「狀態性－特質性焦慮」有顯著關係，且並未因死亡焦慮情境促發而有所改變，而死亡焦慮總分及其他五個層面，在情境促發下，則有與「狀態性焦慮」關係愈趨密切的趨勢。

關鍵字

死亡焦慮 ； 狀態性－特質性焦慮 ； 促發情境

並列摘要

The present study aim to examine the effects of priming situation on college students' death anxiety and state-trait anxiety, to analyze the relationships between college students' death anxiety and state-trait anxiety before and after the providing of priming situation, and to understand the influence of priming situation on college students' death anxiety by the viewpoint of state-trait anxiety theory. The subjects were 171 voluntarily undergraduates. They finished the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI)' and 'Death Anxiety scale for Undergraduate students (DASUS)' before and after watching the priming m of death anxiety. The main results of this study included: (a) After priming of death anxiety situation, the state anxiety and death anxiety were increased significantly, but the trait anxiety was similar; (b) The relationships between college students' death anxiety and state-trait anxiety were significant both before and after priming of death anxiety situation, but the relationship between college students' death anxiety and state anxiety was closer after priming of death anxiety situation; (c) The death anxiety dimensions of 'loss of relationship' and 'helplessness and suffering' had no significant relationships with state-trait anxiety until the priming of death anxiety situation; and (d) The relationship between death anxiety dimension of 'afterlife and judgment' and state-trait anxiety had no change, while the relationships between other death anxiety dimensions and state anxiety were closer due to the priming of death anxiety situation.

並列關鍵字

Death Anxiety ； State-Trait Anxiety ； Priming Situation

參考文獻

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