On the Conditions for the Development of Eco-Religious Communication in the Religious System

論宗教系統中生態學宗教溝通形成的條件

根瑟．馬庫斯(Marcus Günzel)

《玄奘佛學研究》 24期 (2015/09) Pp. 117-132

摘要

本文試圖以盧曼的系統理論探討宗教系統語意的變化。當代宗教溝通經常嘗試把源自非宗教性論域的語意－例如生態學相關觀念－融入宗教系統的象徵語言，但同時堅持這些新語意仍傳達原本的宗教真理或實在觀。此發展形成宗教象徵系統的新語意形式。有關生態學宗教溝通的研究必須掌握在系統整體情境中直接引起或有助於形成這種語意形式的因素，同時也應指出宗教系統內部有哪些結構與過程導致新語意形式的選擇與重複使用。首先，舉德國基督宗教教會推動以「永續發展」來詮釋《聖經》的計畫為例，其次，說明盧曼知識社會學的相關觀念，然後釐清宗教系統形成生態學宗教溝通的內部條件，指出由於宗教是當代社會功能系統之一，以其獨特二元符碼來引導系統運作，所以新語意形式必須經過此符碼的應用才能被譯成具有宗教性質的語意。

關鍵字

宗教學 ； 宗教理論 ； 生態學與宗教 ； 系統理論 ； 盧曼

並列摘要

Contemporary religious communication is characterized by semantic variations that attempt to integrate new topics and concerns originating in non-religious discourses while still claiming to convey the same religious ＂truth＂ or eternally valid view of reality. This development results in new semantics or forms of the religious symbol system. For example, the appropriation of bioethical and ecological semantics by religious individuals and organizations and their engagement in environmental enterprises produces an ＂eco-religious communication＂ that intends to be religious and ecological at the same time. The study of these phenomena will have to identify contextual factors that contribute to or directly cause semantic transformations in the religious system, and, in addition, discern the structures and processes that guide the selection and repeated use of new semantics by the system. This paper attempts to discuss these semantic transformations in terms of system/environment relations, and to clarify the internal conditions for the development of eco-religious communication. The paper first mentions an example of eco-religious communication in a Christian context that refers to the concept of ＂sustainability＂, before introducing basic concepts of Niklas Luhmann's approach to the Sociology of Knowledge that are relevant to the study of eco-religious phenomena, and finally explaining the conditions for the translation process that results in eco-religious semantics.

並列關鍵字

Religious studies ； theory of religion ； ecology and religion ； systems theory ； Luhmann

參考文獻

Günzel, M.(2015).Functions of Contemporary Eco-religious Communication in the Religious System.玄奘佛學研究.23

Günzel, M.(2013).On Systems Theory as an Approach to the Study of 'Religion and Ecology' within the Context of the Science of Religion.玄奘佛學研究.20

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http://www.nachhaltig-predigen.de/index.php/component/content/article/21-predigtanregungen/iii-fastenzeit-13-14/194-judika-5-fastensonntag-06-04-14, accessed 04/04/2015.