從Pender健康促進模式探討青少年避二手菸行為之研究

Factors Influencing Adolescent Second-Hand Smoke Avoidance Behavior from the Perspective of Pender's Health Promotion Model

王文玲(Wen-Ling Wang) ； 王琪珍(Chi-Jen Wang) ； 董旭英(Yuk-Ying Tung) ； 彭若瑄(Jo-Hsuan Peng)

《實證護理》 3卷4期 (2007/12) Pp. 280-288

https://doi.org/10.6225/JEBN.3.4.280

摘要

二手菸已被公認為一種環境公害。暴露於二手菸環境不僅有損青少年的健康，也影響青少年的吸菸行為，但少有研究探討影響高中職生避二手菸行為的因素。本研究目的是以Pender健康促進模式為理論架構，探討影響高中職生避二手菸行為的相關因素。採橫斷式調查研究法，以分層集束隨機抽樣方式，共回收有效問卷1,442份（有效率為95.75%）。結果顯示：影響避二手菸行為之因素包括：避二手菸態度、自我效能、家人／朋友是否在其面前吸菸、學校層級和吸菸行為，其迴歸模式之解釋力為56.1%。其中避二手菸態度的解釋力達48.8%為最主要決定因素。研究結果建議，在規劃高中職生避二手菸行為介入計劃時，必須納入學生家長和同儕團體，此介入計劃當著力於強化避二手菸的正向態度與自我效能，未來研究方向可以測試介入計劃的成效為主。

關鍵字

青少年 ； 二手菸 ； Pender健康促進模式

並列摘要

Environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) has been identified as an environmental hazard. Exposure to ETS environments not only damages adolescents' health, but also affects their smoking behavior. Few studies have explored ETS avoidance behavior among high school students. The purpose of this study was to examine factors influencing high school students' ETS avoidance behavior from the perspective of Pender's health promotion model. The study adopted a cross-sectional study design, using data from a clustered randomized sample in a city in southern Taiwan. In total, 1,442 high school students were surveyed (with an effective response rate of 95.75). The results indicated that attitudes toward ETS, ETS avoidance efficacy, having family/friends smoke around oneself, the school system, and personal smoking status were the significant factors related to subjects' ETS avoidance behavior (R^2 = 56.1%). Attitude toward ETS was the crucial factor that explained 48.8% of ETS avoidance behavior. Clinical implications of the results include the need to design an intervention study targeting high school students, their family members and peers. There is also a need to test intervention research aimed at enhancing adolescents' ETS avoidance behavior through empowerment of their positive attitude toward ETS and ETS avoidance efficacy.

並列關鍵字

adolescent ； environment tobacco smoke ； Pender health-promotion model