學童選手害怕失敗、能力知覺與自我設限的關係：2×2成就目標之中介效果

Fear of failure, perceived competence and self-handicapping among elementary school athletes: A mediation analysis of 2 × 2 achievement goal

卓國雄(Kuo-Hsiung Cho)

《臺灣運動心理學報》 17卷1期 (2017/05) Pp. 1-22

https://doi.org/10.6497/BSEPT2017.1701.01

摘要

目的：本研究旨在驗證國小運動選手成就目標在害怕失敗、能力知覺與運動自我設限關係之間的中介效果。方法：以三至六年級的412 名學童選手為研究對象，男生有250 名、女生162 名，平均運動年齡為1.76 年 (SD = 0.87)。採結構方程模式驗證假設的中介模式與實徵觀察資料之間的適配度。結果：表現逃避目標與表現趨近目標部分中介害怕失敗與運動自我設限之間的關係，精熟趨近目標和表現趨近目標完全中介能力知覺和運動自我設限的關係。結論：國小學童選手的害怕失敗、表現逃避目標及表現趨近目標有利於發展運動自我設限行為；反之，精熟趨近目標則可負向影響運動自我設限以及減緩低能力知覺時自我設限行為發生。

關鍵字

學童選手 ； 趨避價 ； 結構方程模式

並列摘要

Purpose: This study investigated the mediation effects of 2 × 2 achievement goal on the relationships among fear of failure, perceived competence and sport self-handicapping in elementary school athletes. Method: A total of 412 elementary school student athletes (sport age = 1.76 yrs; males = 250, females = 162) were recruited as the participants. The fit indices between the hypothesized mediating model and observed data were examined by the structural equation modeling (SEM). Results: The results revealed that performance-avoidance goal and performance-approach goal could partially mediate the relationship between fear of failure and sport self-handicapping. The mastery-approach goal and performance-approach goal could fully mediate the relationship between perceived competence and sport self-handicapping. Conclusion: Children athletes who have high levels of fear of failure, performance-avoidance goal and performance-approach goal are more likely to develop sport self-handicapping. On the contrary, mastery-approach goal may be helpful to eliminate the generation of sport self-handicapping behaviors for those young athletes who have lower levels of perceived competence.

並列關鍵字

children athlete ； valence ； structural equation modeling

參考文獻

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