Diatom Assemblages on Nanaura Mudflat, Ariake Sea, Japan: With Reference to the Biogeography of Marine Benthic Diatoms in Northeast Asia

日本明海七浦灘塗的硅藻：遠東地區硅藻的分類與區域分布

朴鎮淳(Jinsoon Park) ； 金宗聲(Jong Seong Khim) ； 大塚泰介(Taisuke Ohtsuka) ； 荒木宏之(Hiroyuki Araki) ； Andrzej Witkowski ； 高哲煥(Chul-Hwan Koh)

《Botanical Studies》 53卷1期 (2012/01) Pp. 105-124

摘要

本文研究了日本明海沿岸七浦灘塗（E 130° 10´, N 33° 04´）底栖硅藻（Bacillariophyceae）的植物區系特徵和多樣性。同時開展了文獻檢索以更好地瞭解東北亞地區海洋底棲矽藻的地理分佈。通過光學顯微鏡和掃描電鏡觀察發現七浦矽藻共有90 種。本文列出了這些矽藻物種的名稱並提供了相應的立體資訊和顯微結構密度，必要時給出了超微結構。優勢種依次為Navicula sp. 1（12.6%）, Paralia sulcata （10.3%）,Tryblionella granulata （8.8%）, Navicula flantanica （6.8%）, Gyrosigma wansbeckii （5.8%）和 Cyclotella striata（5.6%）。這6 種矽藻大約占了豐度總量的50%。而按照對鹽度的需求劃分，海水和苦咸水種是優勢種，但也發現了微咸水和淡水種。被研究地點的矽藻植物區系組成與日本灘塗（例如諫早灣）和微咸水潟湖（松川浦）以及韓國的松島灘塗和中國的福建沿海等地的情況比較相似。考慮到矽藻的棲息地和資料品質，我們選擇了來自東北亞的13 份報告進行比較。結果發現包括 Cymatotheca weissflogii 和Tryblioptychus cocconeiformis 在內的21 種七浦矽藻似乎在日本、韓國和中國都有分佈，而西半球和歐洲的相關報導卻很少，因此這些底棲矽藻被認為是東北亞地區普遍存在的種。

關鍵字

生物地理學 ； 硅藻植物區系 ； 日本 ； 灘塗 ； 東北亞

並列摘要

A study was conducted to understand the floral characteristics and diversity of benthic diatoms (Bacillariophyceae) at Nanaura mudflat (E 130° 10´, N 33° 04´) on the coast of the Ariake Sea, Japan. A literature review was also performed to better understand the biogeography of the marine benthic diatoms of Northeast Asia. Light microscopic and scanning electron microscopic observations revealed a total of 90 Nanaura taxa. All species were listed along with their dimensions, microstructural densities, and if necessary, their ultrastructures. Dominant species found were Navicula sp. 1 (12.6%), Paralia sulcata (10.3%), Tryblionella granulata (8.8%), Navicula flantanica (6.8%), Gyrosigma wansbeckii (5.8%) and Cyclotella striata (5.6%). The abundance of the six species collectively accounted for ca. 50% of the total. As for salinity requirements, marine and brackish-marine forms were dominant, while brackish and freshwater species were also observed. Species composition of diatom flora at the study site showed relatively close similarity with those of mudflat (e.g., Isahaya Bay) and brackish lagoon (Matsukawaura Lagoon) in Japan, but were also similar to those of other localities, e.g. at Songdo mudflat in Korea and Fujian coast in China. Thirteen reports of the benthic diatoms from Northeast Asia were selected for comparison based on diatom habitats and data quality. Twentyone species of Nanaura diatoms, including Cymatotheca weissflogii and Tryblioptychus cocconeiformis, whose reports are rare in the Western Hemisphere and Europe, occurred across Japan, Korea, and China, and represent common benthic diatoms in Northeast Asia.

並列關鍵字

Biogeography ； Diatom flora ； Japan ； Mudflat ； Northeast Asia