從施碟（阿樓）南管歌唱方法分析探討其呈現的音樂文化現象

Presentation of the Nan-guan Culture Phenomena Based on the Study of Shi, Die Singing Technique

蔡郁琳(Yu-Lin Tsai)

《臺灣音樂研究》 5期 (2007/10) Pp. 77-111

https://doi.org/10.29785/FJMR.200710.0004

摘要

施碟在日治時期是鹿港演唱南管頗為出名的藝旦，戰後加入雅正齋，在日治時期及戰後都曾受邀錄製南管唱片。本文從其所唱〈花婆斷〉和〈到醒〉的唱法分析，發現日治時期的〈花婆斷〉轉韻音習慣和當代的南管樂人不同、叫字還算清楚、頓挫比較少、聲音的運用有模仿男性演唱的方式，戰後的〈到醒〉有固定的轉韻音習慣，而且和叫字、頓挫、發聲等都與現在的南管樂人相同。施碟的唱法反映她不同時期唱法的改變，並呈現所屬團體的歌唱風格，也反映日治時期遏雲齋轉韻音的概念和現在不同，同時呈現樂曲旋律與刊行本的異同、所屬團體伴奏樂器演奏法的不同，以及藝旦和南管樂人的互動及影響等文化現象。

關鍵字

南管 ； 唱法 ； 鹿港 ； 藝旦 ； 施碟 ； 阿樓

並列摘要

Shi, Die was a famous yi-dan as well as a nan-guan singer in Lu-gang, Taiwan during the period of Japanese rule. She joined Ya-Zheng-Zhai, a nan-guan musical club, after World War II. She was invited to record several nan-guan albums both in Japanese rule and post World War II. This paper analyzes the singing technique of Shi, Die based on her two audio recording, ”Hua-Po-Duan” and ”Dao-Xing, collected on the albums. In the ”Hua-Po-Duan”, which was recorded in Japanese rule, we found that the use of ornamentation was different from other nan-guan singers, the enunciation was kind of clear, the dynamic shading is not too frequent, and the voice imitated the male style. In the ”Dao-Xing”, which was recorded in post World War II, we found that beside the use of ornamentation reflected certain patterns, enunciation, dynamic shading, and voice style were the same as the nan-guan singers of the present time.From the analysis, we summarize the following nan-guan culture phenomena. First, the variation of Shi, Die singing technique before and after World War II reflects the culture and the singing style of different musical groups that she participated. Second, the concept of using the ornamentation of E-Yun-Zhai is not the same as the comtemporary nan-guan singers. Third, the melody of the ”Dao-Xing” recording matches with the Liu's manuscript and the melody of ”Hua-Po-Duan” does not match with the Zhang's manuscript. Fourth, playing style of accompany instruments from E-Yun-Zhai and Ya-Zheng-Zhai are different Last, the mutual cultural interaction between yi-dan and nan-guan musicians influence the variation of the nan-guan singing technique of Shi, Die in different period.

並列關鍵字

Nan-guan ； Singing Technique ； Lu-gang ； Yi-dan ； Shi, Die ； A-Lou