流動的風景與凝視的文本－談單士釐(1856-1943)的旅行散文以及她對女性文學的傳播與接受

Flowing Scenery and Gazing Text-Discuss Shan Shili's (1856-1943) Traveling Prose and She Spread and Acceptance for Feminine Literature

羅秀美(Hsiu-Mei Lo)

《淡江中文學報》 15期 (2006/12) Pp. 41-94

https://doi.org/10.6187/tkujcl.200612.15-2

摘要

單士釐為近代女遊並有文本流傳的第一人。由於外交官夫婿錢恂出使之便，單士釐得以隨夫遍遊世界風光。她出訪日本，遠較秋瑾早上五年。此外，也遊歷俄國、義大利、荷蘭、英國、法國等地，並將行旅途中所見所聞化為文字，留下《癸卯旅行記》與《歸潛記》兩部旅行散文。做為近代女性書寫旅行散文的先驅，這兩部文本自有其典範意義及價值。關於單士釐走向世界的意義已有相關論文討論之，而本文擬由單士釐在旅行散文中觀看世界的方式，閱讀她如何以既傳統又現代的女子視角帶領讀者進入流動的風景當中觀看世界。我們發現單士釐觀看世界的方式融合旅行者與研究者的雙重眼光。不僅如此，單士釐也是近代以來較早從事女性文學的研究者，除了以自身的文學創作現身說法之外，她也對明清以來的女性文學進行整理與研究。由此，我們透過單士釐凝視的目光，以觀看她如何接受明清以來的女作家及其書寫譜系的建構。因此，本文以此兩個面相展現單士釐在近代以來女性旅行散文的書寫，以及做為一名女性文學的研究者這兩種身份下的成就及其意義。

關鍵字

單士釐 ； 癸卯旅行記 ； 歸潛記 ； 旅行文學 ； 旅行散文 ； 近代文學 ； 女性文學 ； 閨秀文學

並列摘要

Shan Shili is a feminine traveller and having the first traveling text spread for eraly modern. Because the piss that diplomat's husband Qian Xun is sent as an envoy to, Shan Shili can be all over visiting the scene of the world with he. She visits Japan, it has relatively Qiu Jin for five years of morning to be far. In addition, travel Russia, Italy, Holland, Britain, France and other places too, do what is seen and heard turn characters during the journey, leave ”Guimo luxing ji” and ”Guiqian ji” two traveling proses. Making to pioneer writing the traveling prose for modern women, these two texts have its own model meaning and value. The meanings of going to the world has already had a relevant thesis to discuss it about Shan Shili, and this text is drafted and watched world way in traveling prose by Shan Shili, how to lead readers to watch the world while entering scenery that flow with the traditional and modern woman's visual angle to watching world. We find Shan Shili of ways to watch world merges the double eyes of the tourist and researcher. Moreover, Shan Shili are but also the researcher engaged in women's literature earlier since modern times, except that advise by using one's own experience as an example with one's own literary creation, she puts in order and studies about women since Ming and Qing dynasty literature too. Therefore, we through Shan Shili of sight of gazing, in order to watch how she accept the authoress since Ming and Qing dynasty and writing the building and constructing of the pedigree. So this text as two represent Shan Shili in women traveling prose write since modern times, and do the achievement and meaning under these two kinds of identities of researcher as a woman's literature.

並列關鍵字

Shan Shili ； Guimo luxing ji ； Guiqian ji ； traveling literature ； traveling prose ； early mordern literature ； feminine literature ； guixiou wenxue

參考文獻

Ellen Widmer胡曉真（編）,胡曉真（編）(2001).世變與維新－晚明與晚清的文學藝術.臺北:中研院文哲所籌備處.

中央研究院中國文哲研究所、美國哥倫比亞大學東亞系主辦(1999)。「世變與維新：晚明與晚清的文學藝術」研討會。文化建設基金管理委員會。

文匯報‧副刊

呂紹理(2005)。展示臺灣：權力、空間與殖民統治的形象表述。臺北:麥田出版社。

沙海昂、A. J. H. Charignon註、馮承鈞譯(2000)。馬可波羅行紀。臺北:臺灣商務印書館。