理解式球類教學法對中學生學習效果之探討

Exploring the Instructional Effects of Teaching Games for Understanding Approach on Learning of Secondary School Students

闕月清(Nyit-Chin Keh) ； 鄭漢吾(Han-Wu Cheng)

《臺灣運動教育學報》 1卷2期 (2006/12) Pp. 25-43

https://doi.org/10.6580/JTSP.2006.1(2).02

摘要

理解式球類教學法是針對遊戲或比賽進行修改及設計的教學，強調遊戲或比賽的情境學習當中的戰術及技能，使學習者透過個人的思考或團體的討論來理解整個遊戲或比賽之運動規則、戰術的應用，引導其個別運動技能之學習，加深其對遊戲或比賽所產生的樂趣。本研究目的在於探討學生在接受理解式球類教學法前後的認知、態度、技能與比賽表現之影響。本研究以多元及質量並重的研究方法，以立意取樣的六位體育教師（二位高中與四位國中體育教師）及其施教的213位學生為參與研究對象，採用問卷調查、參與觀察、文件蒐集、訪談、焦點團體訪談等研究方法，選擇理解式球類教學分類系統中的隔網項目-羽球，進行六週實地的教學研究。資料的分析，在量化部分採用球類運動比賽表現評量（GPAI）、百分比、平均數、標準差、單因子變異數分析和t考驗進行統計分析，而質性部分則採持續比較法，將參與觀察、文件蒐集、訪談、焦點團體訪談等資料進行分析。本研究發現可歸結如下三點：（一）研究參與學生在理解式球類教學後，認知表現有明顯的進步。學生對羽球學習效果的知覺情形，可從羽球規則等五方面得知，也肯定了理解式球類教學法在認知上的效果。（二）學生在理解式球類教學後，態度有明顯的正向變化。學生對認知學習效果的知覺情形可歸納為認知、情感與意向行動三方面，皆肯定了理解式球類教學法對學生態度的正面影響。（三）學生在接受理解式球類教學後，羽球的客觀技能與比賽表現皆有明顯的進步。從做決定、技能執行與回位還原等三方面，足以肯定技能與比賽表現的學習效果。本研究最後還針對結論提出四項具體建議，應能做為將來推展理解式球類教學實務及相關研究的參考。

關鍵字

理解式球類教學法 ； 球類運動比賽表現評量 ； 羽球客觀技能

並列摘要

The original Teaching Games for Understanding (TGfU) model presented by Bunker and Throrpe (1986) focused on modified games and tactical strategies in game situations. Through individual thinking and group discussions, students discussed the applications of game rules, tactics and this lead to skill learning as well as enjoy the fun of game. This study attempted to adopt both qualitative and quantitative research methods, such as, questionnaires, Games performance Assessment Instrument (GPAI), self-Assessment Feedback Instrument (SAFI), participant observation, interview and documents. The purposes were to (1) Examine the understanding and attitude changes of participant PE teachers before and after the TGfU training course; (2) Examine the understanding and attitude changes of teachers and students before and after the TGfU teaching units; (3) Investigate the learning effects of TGfU PE teaching; and (4) Examine the teacher and student interaction during TGfU teaching units. The participants of the first phrase included 136 in-service PE teachers who attend the TGfU conference and workshop during the summer of 2004. Self-designed questionnaires were administered to the PE teachers before and after the TGfU training sessions. The second phase of the study involved 6 PE teachers (2 senior high and 4 junior high) and their PE class students. Each teacher planned and taught 12 classes in PE lessons using TGfU approach. Participant observation and interview were used to understand the teaching and learning process. Teacher-student and student-student interaction were coded using SAFI. The students also pretested and postested using GPAI. The data were analysed using descriptive statistics and constant comparison method. The results indicated that (1) The teachers had better knowledge about TGfU and were supportive and satisfied with the teaching approach after the training sessions. (2) After teaching with TGfU approach the teachers were more knowledgeable about TGfU but also more aware of the disadvantages about implementing TGfU. (3) After 4 weeks of TGfU teaching students showed improvement in cognitive, attitude, skill tests and games performance. This evidenced the effectiveness of the TGfU and it's value in PE teaching. Four suggestions were made to promote TGfU in schools in the future.

並列關鍵字

TGfU ； GPAI ； Badminton objective skill

參考文獻

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