西拉雅族群認同的重新建構

隨著台南縣西拉雅族裔的努力以及台南縣政府的大力支持，近年來漸趨沈寂的平埔復振運動又有重新復甦的跡象。台南縣政府不但積極舉辦平埔原住民「正名」之公聽會與學術研討會，也發起台灣平埔原住民族的「正名」運動，希望讓平埔族群不再只是學界研究的客體，或者只是族裔們自我緬懷過去的一種歷史象徵，而是能具體獲得法律上之原住民主體地位。然而，平埔族尋求原住民族之正名能否成功，除了需要有政治、法律等因素的配合之外，族群內部的團結與否、族群認同強烈與否，或學術與社會輿論的支持與否，也都會對正名運動產生作用。本文以西拉雅族為例，基於參與者行動研究的角度，並站在平埔族裔希望能被承認為原住民的立場，試圖挖掘出一些看似枝微末節但卻可能會影響西拉雅族群認同或認定的議題，並且希望能藉由解構這些議題來重新建構更穩固的西拉雅認同。本文涉及之主要議題包括：解構學術論述對「誰」是西拉雅族之認同或認定之可能型塑，探究宗教因素對族群認同的可能影響等。最後，希望透過本文對西拉雅族群認同之解構與重新建構，讓支持平埔原住民正名運動者於運動之實踐時，能有多一層省思之參考依據。

關鍵字

西拉雅；平埔族；正名運動；基督教

並列摘要

While seeking the official recognition has become a consensus among the Siraya People, the problem regarding who is qualified as Sirayan remains controversial. Thanks to the power/knowledge of academic studies, many submerged Sirayan cultural heritages, especially the worship of aboriginal A-lit-zu goddess, gradually re-emerged and became the representation of ”true Sirayan.” Under this power/knowledge circumstance, more and more people, including the descendants of the Siraya People themselves, started to see the practitioners of ”traditional” religion as true Sirayan. The primary side effect of this trend is that, no matter intentionally or unintentionally, the Sirayan descendants believing in other religions, especially Christianity, are marginalized from the Sirayan revival movement. Based on the rationale that cultural traditions can be invented, the main purpose of this paper is to deconstruct the so-called Sirayan ”tradition” and its identity basis. It is noteworthy that deconstruction is by no means the end of this essay. It is a step toward reconstructing a new and more solid ethnic identity for the purpose of fulfilling the aspiration of gaining official recognition.