自我調節方案對糖尿病前期飲食、身體活動量及生理指標之效應：前驅研究

Effects of a Self-Regulation Program on Dietary Behavior, Physical Activity, and Physiological Measures among Prediabetic Adults: A Pilot Study

楊琳琪(Lin‐Chi Yang) ； 林秋菊(Chiu‐Chu Lin) ； 林采蓉(Tsai‐Rung Lin) ； 劉慈慧(Tzu‐Hui Liu)

《護理暨健康照護研究》 9卷2期 (2013/06) Pp. 87-95

https://doi.org/10.6225/JNHR.09.2.87

摘要

背景：生活型態的修正可預防或延緩糖尿病前期進展到糖尿病。目的：探討以自我調節理論設計之生活型態修正方案對糖尿病前期者生理指標、飲食行為及身體活動量之效應。方法：採類實驗設計，以前後測方式，將南台灣30位糖尿病前期者依其BMI（body mass index）及性別配對分派為實驗組及對照組各15人，實驗組進行四週生活型態修正方案，包含一次面對面會談及一週兩次的電訪，對照組則無此措施；所有受試者皆發予自我調節手冊及計步器，以自擬問卷收集個案基本資料及飲食行為，以國際身體活動量表（International Physical Activity Questionnaire）收集個案身體活動量，並由醫院病歷記錄取得生理指標資料。結果：在組內效應方面，實驗組在方案介入後三個月空腹血糖降低3.80 mg%（p = .008），BMI降低0.43 kg/m^2（p = .035），身體活動量增加1213.10METs（p = .005），飲食行為分數進步2.73分（p = .002）。控制組之組內效應則未達顯著效應。在組間效應方面，實驗組之飲食行為顯著優於控制組（mean = 2.67, 95%CI = 0.61－4.72, p = .013），在身體活動量及生理指標上則未達顯著差異。結論／實務應用：本研究顯示生活型態修正方案對糖尿病前期者的生理指標、飲食行為、身體活動等具有顯著性的改善，實驗組的飲食行為更優於對照組。本實證結果顯示此方案可應用於糖尿病前期患者，以促進其身體健康。

關鍵字

自我調節 ； 糖尿病前期 ； 生活型態修正

並列摘要

Background: Lifestyle modification can delay or prevent prediabetes progression to diabetes. Purpose: The purpose of this intervention study was to evaluate the effects of a self‐regulation lifestyle modification intervention on physiological measures, dietary behavior, and physical activity in adults with prediabetes. Methods: Design ‐ A quasi‐experimental, pre‐post test design. Subjects ‐ Thirty adults with prediabetes in southern Taiwan were assigned to either the intervention group (n = 15) or control group (n = 15) according to BMI and gender. Interventional protocol ‐ The intervention group enrolled in a 4‐week lifestyle modification program, including a face‐to‐face counseling session and twice‐a‐week telephone calls. The control group did not participate in this program. All study participants received a self‐regulation handbook and pedometer. Outcome measures ‐ Baseline characteristics and dietary behavior were collected using self-administered questionnaires. Physiological measures were obtained from hospital records. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire was used to assess physical activity. Results: Three months after intervention, the intervention group showed a 3.80 mg% decrease in mean fasting glucose (p = .008) and 0.43 kg/m^2 decrease in mean BMI (p = .035). There was also significant improvement in physical activity and dietary behavior in the intervention group, with a mean increase of 1213.10METs (p = .005) and +2.73 (p = .002). The control group recorded no significant difference in any tracked measures. Comparing the two groups, dietary behavior in the intervention group was significantly better than in the control group (mean = 2.67, CI = 0.61 - 4.72, p = .013) and insignificant differences were found for physiological measures and physical activity. Conclusion: This study indicated that the lifestyle modification program achieved clinically significant improvements in physiological measures, dietary behavior, and physical activity. The improvement in the dietary behavior in the intervention group was significantly better than the control group. Empirical evidence from this study indicates that the self‐regulation lifestyle modification program can be applied to adults with prediabetes to promote health.

並列關鍵字

self‐regulation ； prediabetes ； lifestyle modification

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