長期血液透析病患健康生活品質相關因素之探討

Factors Affecting Health-Related Quality of Life in Regular Hemodialysis Patients

李偵碧(Chen‐Pi Li) ； 黃采薇(Tsai‐Wei Huang) ； 吳麗芬(Li‐fen Wu) ； 陳夏蓮(Shiah‐Lian Chen)

《護理暨健康照護研究》 9卷3期 (2013/09) Pp. 173-181

https://doi.org/10.6225/JNHR.09.3.173

摘要

Background: The incidence and prevalence rates of end‐stage renal disease in Taiwan rank among the highest in the world. The quality of life of these patients deserves close attention.Purpose: The purposes of this study were to explore the relationships among biological functions, symptoms, functional status, general health perceptions, and health‐related quality of life in patients undergoing regular hemodialysis at a regional teaching hospital in central Taiwan.Methods: A cross‐sectional descriptive correlational study design was conducted and 137 valid questionnaires were collected. The 5 structured questionnaires used to collect data included the Biological Function, Symptom Scale, Karnofsky Performance Scale, General Health Perceptions Scale, and the World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL) scale. Date was analyzed using SPSS 20.0 software.Results: Study results found a mid‐range score for WHOQOL. Symptoms correlated negatively with WHOQOL, while functional status and general health perceptions correlated positively with WHOQOL. Participant symptoms, functional status, general health perceptions, and duration of hemodialysis were the important predictors of WHOQOL, explaining 53.5% of WHOQOL variance.Conclusions / Implications for Practice: Having fewer symptoms, better functional status, and better general health perception correlated with higher WHOQOL scores. Symptoms, functional status, and general health perception were significant predictors of WHOQOL. Health professionals must focus greater attention on the health perceptions of their patients and treat patient symptoms and compromised functional status as early as possible in order to improve quality of life.

關鍵字

健康相關生活品質 ； 症狀 ； 功能狀態 ； 自覺健康狀態 ； 血液透析

並列摘要

Background: The incidence and prevalence rates of end‐stage renal disease in Taiwan rank among the highest in the world. The quality of life of these patients deserves close attention.Purpose: The purposes of this study were to explore the relationships among biological functions, symptoms, functional status, general health perceptions, and health‐related quality of life in patients undergoing regular hemodialysis at a regional teaching hospital in central Taiwan.Methods: A cross‐sectional descriptive correlational study design was conducted and 137 valid questionnaires were collected. The 5 structured questionnaires used to collect data included the Biological Function, Symptom Scale, Karnofsky Performance Scale, General Health Perceptions Scale, and the World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL) scale. Date was analyzed using SPSS 20.0 software.Results: Study results found a mid‐range score for WHOQOL. Symptoms correlated negatively with WHOQOL, while functional status and general health perceptions correlated positively with WHOQOL. Participant symptoms, functional status, general health perceptions, and duration of hemodialysis were the important predictors of WHOQOL, explaining 53.5% of WHOQOL variance.Conclusions / Implications for Practice: Having fewer symptoms, better functional status, and better general health perception correlated with higher WHOQOL scores. Symptoms, functional status, and general health perception were significant predictors of WHOQOL. Health professionals must focus greater attention on the health perceptions of their patients and treat patient symptoms and compromised functional status as early as possible in order to improve quality of life.

並列關鍵字

health‐related quality of life ； symptoms ； functional status ； general health perception ； hemodialysis

參考文獻

盧素真、陳世宜、黃淑珍、蘇玲華（2010）•血液透析病 患睡眠障礙、憂鬱程度及其生活品質的分析探討•護 理暨健康照護研究，6(1)，33−43。doi:10.6225/JNHR. 6.1.33 [Lu, S. C., Chen, S. I., Huang, S. J., & Su, L.H. (2010). Analysis of sleep disturbance, depression, and quality of life in maintenance hemodialysis patients. Journal of Nursing and Healthcare Research, 6(1), 33− 43.]

程淑媛（2009）•血液透析患者生活品質相關因素探討• 澄清醫護管理雜誌，5(2)，31−40。[Cheng, S. Y. (2009). Factors impacting quality of life in dialysis patient. Cheng Ching Medical Journal, 5(2), 31−40.]

楊樹昌、王榮得、吳麥斯、郭佩雯、蘇喜（2007）•長期血 液透析病患生活品質•台灣醫學，11(2)，140−152。[Yang, S. C., Wang, J. D., Wu, M. S., Kuo, P. W., & Su, S. (2007). Quality of life on maintenance hemodialysis. Journal of the Formosan Medical Association, 11(2), 140−152.]

姚開屏（2002）•健康相關生活品質概念與測量原理之簡 介•臺灣醫學，6(2)，183−192。[Yao, K. P. (2002). Introduction of the EORTC disease-specific quality of life questionnaires for cancer patients. Formosan Journal of Medicine, 6(2), 183−192.]

胡愈寧、酈欽菁、李佳、林榮輝、胡國琦（2009）•老 年人各項日常生活活動功能與自評健康狀態之調查及 相關性探討•台灣復健醫誌，37(2)，107−114。[Hu, Y. N., Li, C. C., Lee, C., Lin, R. H., & Hu, G. C. (2009). Assessment of individual activities of daily living and its association with self-related health status in elderly people. Taiwan Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 37(2), 107−114.]