女子排球選手前後排扣球技術之分析

Analysis of Female Volleyball Players Spike Skills at Front-row and Back-row

陳膺成(Ying-Cheng Chen) ； 黃長褔(Chen-Fu Huang)

《華人運動生物力學期刊》 1期 (2009/10) Pp. 44-51

摘要

目的：本研究針對女子排球選手前排長攻與後排扣球，以三維攝影分析法進行運動學的分析，透過前後排扣球技術的差異性比較，改善女子選手後排攻擊的技術。方法：受試者為臺灣女子高中甲組排球聯賽冠軍隊的6位選手（年齡17.2 ± 0.4歲；身高173.3 ± 3.4cm；體重65.2 ± 3.3kg；球齡8.3 ± 0.5年），以二部JVC9800數位攝影機（120 Hz）拍攝受試者前排長攻與後排扣球的動作，以Kwon 3D人體動作分析系統計算出各項三維運動學參數。以相依樣本t考驗探討前排長攻與後排扣球動作結構的差異（α = .05）。結果：後排扣球有較佳的跳躍高度、起跳－擊球的重心水平位移、起跳－落地的重心水平位移。而前排長攻在擊球點高度、擊球瞬間肩關節與 肘關節角度、肩關節角速度、肘關節角速度、腕關節角速度、擊球後球速及擊球角度上有較佳的表現。結論：後排扣球因有較長的助跑距離而有較佳的身體重心位移和跳躍高度，但是在揮臂速度、擊球高度與擊球速度上卻不如前排長攻，筆者認為選手對於後排扣球的技術較不純熟，導致擊球時機掌握不佳，手臂角度較小，使得揮臂擊球的不流暢而影響球速。因此，未來在訓練時建議應加強後排扣球的揮臂技巧和擊球時機的掌握，使其在最佳的時機擊球，應能提昇其揮臂速度以增加球速。

關鍵字

排球 ； 三維運動學 ； 扣球

並列摘要

Purpose: This study was to analyze female volleyball players' skills, through the kinematics analysis of spiking at the front-row and back-row, helping to progress the spike skill at back-row. Method: Six high school players participated in this study (Ages 17.2 ± 0.4 yr, height 173.3 ± 3.4 cm, weight 65.2 ± 3.3 kg, and training years 8.3 ± 0.5 yr). Two JVC9800 digital video cameras (120Hz, shutter speed 1/250 sec) was used to collect spiking motion. Kwon 3D motion system was used to analyze the three dimension kinematic variables, with the dependence sample t-test treats the difference of performance between front-row and back-row spike (α = .05). Results: The results were indicated that the back-row spike had greater jumping height, the horizontal displacement of body centre of mass (CM). The front-row spike had greater impact height, the impact shoulder angle and elbow angle, the shoulder peak angular velocity, the elbow peak angular velocity, the wrist peak angular velocity, the ball-release velocity and the impact angle. Conclusion: The back-row spike had longer approach so it had better CM displacement and jump height, but the speed of swing, the height of impact and the initial ball-release velocity were inferior than the front-row spike. In my opinion, the reason was that the players could not take the optimum timing of spiking. Therefore players should improve their back-row impact timing and swinging technique to increase the initial ball-release velocity.

並列關鍵字

volleyball ； three dimension kinematics analysis ； spike