糖尿病患之身體意象、健康信念與健康行爲相關因素之探討

Factors Associated With Body Image, Health Beliefs and Health Behaviors in Patients with Diabetes Disease

趙海倫(Hai-Lun Chao) ； 郝立智(Lyh-Jyh Hao) ； 陳宇平(Yu-Ping Chen)

《醫護科技期刊》 13卷2期 (2011/06) Pp. 63-75

https://doi.org/10.6563/TJHS.2011.13(2).1

摘要

目的：本研究以糖尿病病患爲主體，探討BMI大於等於24（過重組）及BMI小於24（正常組）之受訪者，其身體意象、健康信念與健康行爲的關係。方法：採方便取樣方式，自民國99年1月至5月底止，對台南市某醫院新陳代謝科門診糖尿病患者進行研究，研究工具爲研究者自編之「身體意象量表」、「健康信念量表」與「健康行爲量表」等三份量表。經刪除無效樣本後，有效樣本共174人，回收率爲96.67%。結果：研究發現有三：（一）不論何種體重，其健康信念對健康行爲皆有顯著影響；（二）僅過重組之身體意象對健康行爲有顯著影響；（三）過重組中對自我身體意象滿意者，其健康信念不會影響到健康行爲；過重組中對自我身體意象不滿意者，健康信念會影響到所採取之健康行爲。結論：未來可針對BMI與不同身體意象滿意度之糖尿病患者，應用不同之健康促進與衛教策略，以更有效促進病患之健康行爲。

關鍵字

糖尿病 ； 身體意象 ； 健康行爲 ； 健康信念

並列摘要

Purposes: The main purpose of this study was to evaluate relationships amongst body image, health beliefs, and health behaviors in diabetes patients and to compare relative differences between those with a body mass index (BMI) greater than or equal to 24 and those with a BMI below 24. This study further analyzed the relationship between health beliefs and health behaviors among those the two groups who were satisfied and unsatisfied with their body image. Methods: The study sample included patients with diabetes treated as outpatients in the Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism at target hospitals. A total of 180 questionnaires were distributed and data from the 174 valid questionnaires returned were used in this study (valid return rate: 96.67%). The questionnaires included three sections addressing body image, health belief and health behaviors. Results: The results found that health belief had a significant influence on health behaviors in both BMI groups. Health behavior had a significant influence of body image in the overweight (high BMI) group. Lower health beliefs in overweight group subjects correlated significantly with higher body image satisfaction. This study found not being satisfied with body image had a significant influence on health belief and health behaviors in the overweight group. Conclusions: This study suggests that registered nurses should apply weight group-specific strategies to educate patients not satisfied with their body image in order to promote proper health behaviors more effectively.

並列關鍵字

Diabetes mellitus ； body image ； health behaviors ； health belief