生物多樣性熱點之推估：以台灣特有鳥種為例

Estimating Biodiversity Hotspot: A Case Study of Endemic Bird Species in Taiwan

呂明倫(Ming-Lun Lu)

《台灣生物多樣性研究》 18卷3期 (2016/07) Pp. 231-245

摘要

尋找生物多樣性熱點為從事保育工作之首要目標之一，而所謂熱點是指某一區域的物種具有顯著多樣性，但同時棲地又面臨干擾的威脅。本研究選擇台灣特有鳥種做為研究案例，整合物種分布模式、主成分分析與模糊邏輯等空間分析技術，發展一套在區域尺度下的生物多樣性熱點推估模式，所推估的熱點再和當前之法定保護區套疊，瞭解兩者之契合度。研究結果顯示，全島之生物多樣性熱點大多位於高海拔且潛藏天然災害威脅之區域，其中，約70%的面積有座落於法定的保護區內，另將熱點強度由高至低分為5級後發現，有少數屬次高級別的熱點並未受到保護，如雪霸國家公園的與玉山國家公園的邊緣地帶，因此，可規劃為特有鳥種之保育優先順位。本研究所建立的推估模式，未來亦可應用於其他類群之生物，以提供物種的保育與經營管理之參考。

關鍵字

干擾 ； 物種分布模式 ； 主成分分析 ； 模糊邏輯 ； 保護區 ； 保育優先順位

並列摘要

Biodiversity hotspot evaluation could be an essential tool to focus conservation efforts. An observed hotspot is defined as a habitat with significant levels of species diversity that is under threat from disturbances. In this research, a model is developed by using a combination of a species distribution model, principal component analysis and fuzzy logic to identify biodiversity hotspots of endemic bird species in Taiwan on a regional scale, and assess the agreement with legally protected areas. The results showed that the hotspots were mostly located in high-elevation where there were potential threats for natural disasters, and then approximately 70% of the hotspots be sheltered by the protected areas. Furthermore, the hotspots are classified into five levels from high to low according to grade. A few sub-high-level hotspots have not been protected, such as the edges of the Shei-pa and Yushan National Park. These critical sites could be conservation priority for endemic bird species. The developed model may be applied to any taxa requiring planning for future protection and management.

並列關鍵字

disturbance ； species distribution model ； principal component analysis ； fuzzy logic ； protected area ； conservation priority