應用社會影響評估於海岸地區經營之決策：以宜蘭利澤工業區之擴建為例

Application of Social Impact Assessment in Coastal Management Decision Making : A Case Study of the Expanion at Letzer Industrial Park, I-Lan

張政亮(Cheng-Liang Chang) ； 王慶國(Qing-Kuo Wang)

《工程環境會刊》 27期 (2011/07) Pp. 39-52

https://doi.org/10.6562/JEE.2011.27.3

摘要

社會影響評估（SIA）是一種包括分析和評估的多重研究方法，目的是在當重大的開發建設或政策計畫要推行時，能夠發現並分析該事件對於整體社會的衝擊，並提出作為或不作為時的可能進展，藉以排除或降低衝擊的影響層面。故本研究以宜蘭海岸地區的利澤工業區第三期開發為研究案例，實際操作社會影響評估模式並歸結以下成果：1.借由群體提案評估法、社區問卷調查、深度訪談和專家德懷術等收集的社區剖視資料，顯示工業區所在的頂寮社區不僅面臨地力貧瘠、海岸侵蝕嚴重等環境生態問題，在社經條件上亦因屬人口衰減之區，青壯人口之外移、人口老化、服務業不發達與及教育程度較低之影響下，對地方發展形成很大窒礙，雖然三期工業區的擴建可以增加就業機會、促進社區繁榮和改善交通環境的正面影響，但也帶來排放廢氣污水和工安治安的負面隱憂，尤其對本地勞工雇用和產業升級並不有利。2.相關資料利用層級分析法結合影響樹狀圖和交叉影響分析進行的優劣衝擊評析，則認為利澤工業區第三期開發策略以光電太陽能科技廠為主之開發是可行且有利的規劃方向。3.對開發過程的減緩衝擊建議，包含有應注意施工的安全與降低環境破壞、訂置嚴格環保標準及監控設施、鼓勵民眾參與討論並增進多元睦鄰措施，如此方能降低負面衝擊的危害、增進居民福祉和維繫社區環境的永續發展。

關鍵字

社會影響評估 ； 宜蘭海岸地區 ； 永續發展

並列摘要

The Social Impact Assessment (SIA) is a multi-methodology to review the social effects of infrastructure projects and assist the system of Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) to bring the sustainable biophysical and human environment. Therefore, through the SIA technology, this research examines and estimates in advance of the likely impacts on the third stage expansion at the Letzer Industry Park, located in I-Lan coastal area, and alleviates any negative consequences. The first step in the procedure for executing SIA is to collect the data of baseline conditions for community profile by using the skills of Nominal Group Technique, Community Survey, Interview and fuzzy Delphi Technique. The consequences illustrate that Ding-liao community which near Industry Park is a small village with few population and most residents devote themself to primary and secondary industries. The Population structure also demonstrates the trend of population decline, low social-economic status, low level education and aging of population. Meanwhile, the coastline was erosion seriously and the landscape of sand dunes disappeared since the Industry Park was built in 1980. These limited factors obstruct the community development obviously and the residents hope the development of Industry Park can enhance the prosperity of local economy and offering more jobs. On the other hand, they still worry the pollution issues as well. Moreover, after interpret and analyze the advantages and disadvantages by combining of the Cross Impact Analysis, Construction of Impact-tree and Analytic Hierarchy Process. The residents and experts agree that high-tech such like Optoelectronics Industry is the priority choice for expansion project of the Letzer Industry Park. Finally, according to the database; the report suggests using some strategies, for example, pollution detection equipment, CCD monitor and friendly neighborhood policy to mitigate adverse impacts, optimize the benefits and maintain the community sustainable development.

並列關鍵字

Social Impact Assessment ； I-Lan coastal area ； sustainable development