無人飛行載具於山崩災害快速調查之應用－以新竹寶山岩體滑動為例

新竹縣寶山鄉於2016年3月9日至16日持續出現長延時低強度之降雨，累計至16日上午9時之累積雨量為182.5 mm，致使水仙路附近發生岩體滑動災害，透過現地勘查及無人飛行載具之資料獲取，本研究可在災後迅速掌握其災害機制與規模。由調查成果得知，本次崩滑塊體長度約為90 m，寬度由坡頂至坡腳漸增，於趾部之寬度約為75 m，深度約為3 ~ 6 m，體積約達21,235.5 m3，滑動塊體之岩性共可分為四段，其中最底部厚約50 cm之泥岩底面即為本次致災之滑動面，滑動面與層面之傾角均僅約10°。綜合各項調查顯示，本災害發生機制係因滑動體內具有連通水路，致使地表水即便於長延時低強度狀況下仍可持續入滲並蓄積於底部之泥岩層，導致地下水位上升、泥岩軟化、平行滲流形成以及滑體自重增加等現象，最終致使塊體沿滑動面發生順向坡滑動，而滑動塊體之自由面除順向坡層面外，其左、右斷面可能係沿寶山背斜翼部發育之斜交節理破裂，並於趾部透空無法支撐之情況下發生災害。透過無人飛行載具之協助，除可快速掌握整體災害規模與範圍外，亦可協助現場勘查之重點位置掌握，並針對人車無法到達之區域獲取概況照片，而所拍攝之照片亦可建置災害區域之正射影像與三維地形，提供災情迅速研判之用。

關鍵字

無人飛行載具；岩體滑動；山崩機制

並列摘要

A long duration but low intensity rainfall with a 182.5 mm accumulated rainfall from 9th to 16th, March, 2016 stroke Baoshan Township in Hsinchu County, leading to a rockslide occurred around Shuixian Road. The applications of UAV and field investigation in this study provide crucial information for the estimation of landslide magnitude and the analysis of landslide mechanism. The size of the landslide body is about 90 m in length, the width increases gradually from head to toe, which is about 75 m, with a depth of about 3 to 6 m and volume of about 21,235.5 m3. The lithology of landslide body can be separated into 4 sections, at the bottom is a 50 cm thick mudstone, forming a sliding surface with a dip of 10°. The mechanism of this landslide can be summarized as followed: The rainfall infiltrated into the bottom of the landslide body which composed of low permeability mudstone, leading to the raise of ground water table, weakness of mudstone, forming of parallel seepage, increasing of weight of landslide body, and finally causing the slide on dip-slope. The free surfaces of landslide body include not only the bedding plane but also the oblique joints developed in response to Baoshan anticline. With the aid of UAV, the magnitude of landslide can be quickly evaluated and the important location for field investigation can also be arranged in advanced. Furthermore, the photos took by UAV can also be used to generate the post-event orthophoto and DSM, providing comprehensive information for quick post-landslide investigation.

並列關鍵字

UAV ； rockslide ； landslide mechanism

國際替代計量

無人飛行載具於山崩災害快速調查之應用－以新竹寶山岩體滑動為例

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