論醫師懲戒制度之專家迴避

A Discourse about Recusal of Experts on the Disciplinary System of Physicians

楊玉隆(Yu-Lung Yang)

《醫事法學》 18卷1期 (2011/06) Pp. 53-67

摘要

迴避制度源自英國之自然正義原則與美國之正當法律程序理念所衍生之偏見排除。而行政程序法同爲避免偏袒、徇私或固執成見，故設公務員迴避制度，以求公務員公平執法、決定或裁判確當，預防偏私。而醫師懲戒委員會係醫師、學者及社會公正人士所組成，此等委員會所爲決定，並率皆爲衛生行政主管機關所尊重，其委員既實際參與作成決策，自亦有「公正作爲」之程序義務。基上，本文從行政程序「迴避」的觀點切入其本質，以首先以案例方式確定問題核心，再敘述分析行政程序法之迴避管制規範，先進而分析醫師懲戒委員會性質，包括懲戒處分、委員迴避法規適用性等問題及醫師懲戒辦法中有利害關係者應行迴避之規定，以釐清「迴避」於醫師懲戒行政程序中，較少受重視或討論之專家迴避問題，最後以問題解答方式檢討醫師懲戒委員會之程序妥當性問題，並檢討導正醫師懲戒委員會相關迴避規範之可能性，以朝醫學專業且公正方向發展。

關鍵字

迴避 ； 利害關係 ； 醫師懲戒 ； 醫師懲戒委員會

並列摘要

The Recusal System was derived from the Rules of Natural Justice of the United Kingdom and the concept of Due Process of Law of the United States. The Recusal System was disigned in the Administrative Procedure Act to avoid interest for the government officer to fairly enforce the law, decisions or indeeds likely biased in the exercise of his functions and weed out bias, favoritism and stubborn prejudice. The Disciplinary Committee of Physicians, a special organization of the health administrative authorities, is formed by clinical physicians, legal experts and social fair people to maintain impartiality on the duty to act fairly on a fair position, and this committee should be applicable to the annulment of rules of Recusal System in the administrative procedures. Based on impartiality of the Disciplinary Committee of Physicians, firstly, this study pointed out the application of the rules of recusal in the administrative procedure. Then, with reviewing the administrative procedures would continue to evaluate viewpoints of its nature of recusal by three cases. Finally, this study advocated that sufficient valuation of the relationship of between board members and phsyicains in disciplinary procedures would suitably shun the possibility of impartiality.

並列關鍵字

Recusal ； Interest ； Discipline of Physicians ； Disciplinary Committee of Physicians

參考文獻

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