「醫療刑事過失責任」個案判決評析

Verdict Study about the Criminal Liability of Medical Negligence in Taiwan

曾祺雯(Chi-Wen Tseng) ； 陳建志(Jiann-Jy Chen)

《醫事法學》 18卷1期 (2011/06) Pp. 69-76

摘要

所謂容許信賴係指行爲人於行爲時有權假設並且信賴其他社會生活參與者會盡其規範上之義務，因此行爲人在此一信賴的基礎上所爲之行爲並不違法。又本於危險分配之法理，在信賴原則下，自然提升容許風險的被容許度。如果容許信賴不能作爲阻卻違法事由，此將否定社會生活規則的意義與功能，也使人類生活變成一個根本超越人類能力極限的沉重負擔。近年來醫療行爲因醫師專科化發展，健保施行下病患醫療負擔減輕以及病患自主意識高漲，以致病患習於到處尋求第二第三意見。究竟在執行醫療行爲時，後手醫師可否信賴前手醫師之檢驗報告而免除對病患進行重複之檢驗工作，並且在發生醫療糾紛時，後手醫師可否主張信賴原則以阻卻違法，是本報告欲探討的議題。本報告以台灣板橋地方法院92年度易字第2350號判決進行研析，希望藉由個案研究了解容許信賴在醫療行爲中應如何操作。

關鍵字

醫療過失 ； 容許風險 ； 信賴原則

並列摘要

The so-called permitted reliability means the people have the right to assume and rely on the well kept abided normal responsibility of other social life attendants. Based on the reliability, the behaviour of people can avoid legal reliability. Moreover, on the basis of risk distribution, under the principle of reliance, it is naturally that the level of tolerable risk rises. If the permitted reliability cannot be a reason to escape legal reliability, the meaning and function of social life rule will be denied, and the life of human beings will become a burden which surpasses the limitation of human beings ability. Recently year, the development of specialization of doctors' jobs, the reduced cure burden under the implemented the national health insurance, and the increase of patients' independent consciousness have been led to that the patients are used to asking more opinions or cures from other doctors. It is questionable whether the doctors can depend on the inspection report from previous doctors in order to avoid other repeated examines. Also, the question whether the doctors can evade legal responsibility under the principle of reliance, if there are medical disputes, is discussed in the report. Following one verdict from the Taiwan Banciao District court, we introduce and analyze these questions. Via case study, the report sheds light on how to apply permitted reliability in cure behaviour.

並列關鍵字

Medical Negligence ； Tolerable Risk ； The Principle of Reliance

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