難養育嬰兒母親對其嬰兒身心特性的覺知與詮釋

本研究的主要目的是想要深入探究十一位難養育嬰兒母親對其嬰兒身心特性的覺知與詮釋。嬰兒篩選自200位健康孕婦所生的孩子，依父母、祖父母和保母等人都知覺非常難帶的孩子，以及在嬰兒氣質問卷結果等兩項指標，篩選出11位難養育嬰兒。透過與孩子互動最頻繁的母親，依其在氣質問卷的知覺，我們發現與非難養育嬰兒相比，難養育嬰兒較不規律，較趨避，適應差，情緒本質弱，以及有較高的反應強度；再藉由訪談，從母親的詮釋中，我們發現具異位性皮膚炎等生理問題、需用滴管餵食、具高敏感低規律、具高堅持情緒和反應激烈及精力旺盛等都是母親覺知難養育嬰兒的身心特性，是量表中無法獲知及解釋的現象。研究依結果提出探索母親覺知好養育的困難嬰兒行為、擴大難養育嬰兒年齡層，以及比較生手及資深母親對難養育嬰兒的覺知等相關建議。

關鍵字

氣質；母親覺知；難養育嬰兒；嬰兒身心特性

並列摘要

The objective of this study is to explore the behavioral characteristics perceived by 11 mothers of difficult infants. To screen the difficult infants, the researcher tracked 200 pregnant women during three gestation periods. These women completed the infant temperament questionnaires when the infants were four months old. We screened 11 difficult infants according to the perception of the mothers and the results of the temperament questionnaires. We further interviewed the mothers of 11 difficult infants to know the characteristics perceived by them.The results of the study were organized into two aspects: quantitative result and interview data. The quantitative analysis revealed that there are significant differences on rhythmicity, approach/withdraw, adaptability, intensity of reaction quality of mood within nine subscales of infant temperament questionnaire. From the interview, the researcher had a preliminary understanding of the contexts of the infant's behaviors as described by these 11mothers.The result showed that the babies contracted atopic dermatitis and their mothers consumed the mental effort specially; the babies needed the dropper to feed them food and their mothers felt highly anxious; the babies awaked frequently at midnight and their mothers were seriously lack of sleep; the mood of the babies was hard to be comforted and their mothers felt exhausted; .the babies were full of vigor and their mothers were tired out. For future studies, the researcher provides the following suggestions as: to explore the characteristics of the difficult infants perceived by their mothers as easy to raise; to enlarge the sample of babies in different ages in order to explore the characteristics of the difficult infants; and to compare the differences between difficult infants raised by novice mothers and experienced mothers.

並列關鍵字

temperament ； perception of the mothers ； difficult infants ； the characteristics of the infants

參考文獻

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