火災為最常發生的人為災害,造成許多生命、財產的損失。本研究旨在了解高年級學童在火災知識、避難逃生的概念認知及火災防災的行為態度,提供火災防災及相關課程編撰者日後的參考。研究工具為研究者自行發展的火災防災問卷。研究對象為臺北市國小五、六年級學童,回收有效樣本共計1156份,主要研究結果歸納如下:一、施測學童在火災防災概念認知上的通過率為百分之六十四,防災態度為積極且正向。二、男女學童在火災概念認知上無顯著差異;防災態度則女生優於男生且達顯著差異。三、六年級學童在火災知識、避難逃生等概念認知上明顯優於五年級學童;防災態度則未有顯著差異。四、參觀過消防局、消防隊防災教育館的學童在火災概念認知、防災態度,均優於未參觀的學童。五、曾參與防災演練學校的學童,在火災概念認知、防災態度上均明顯優於未參加演練的學童。
Fire disaster occurs mostly in man-made disaster, it usually causes considerable damage to properties and human lives. This study aims to explore the knowledge of fire, conceptual cognition of refuge, and behavioral attitudes toward fire-prevention of the fifth and sixth graders of elementary schools, and to provide reference for program designers. A fire prevention questionnaire, including the knowledge of fire, conceptual cognition of refuge, behavioral attitudes for fire-prevention, and sources of concepts, was developed. 1156 students of fifth and sixth graders in Taipei elementary schools were chosen. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, and Pearson's product-moment correlations. The major findings were as follows:1. The ratio of right answers on fire-prevention concepts was 64.1%. Subjects' behavioral attitudes for fire-prevention were positive and active.2. There was no difference in conceptual cognition of fire-prevention between boys and girls. However, girls' attitudes for fire-prevention were significantly higher than boys'.3. The conceptual cognition of fire-prevention was apparently different between fifth and sixth graders. Nevertheless, the difference of the attitudes for fire-prevention between fifth and sixth graders was not evident.4. The conceptual cognition of fire-prevention and attitudes for fire-prevention of children who have visited fire bureaus or fire brigades were significantly higher than other children.5. Students who attended fire-prevention drill in schools were obviously better in conceptual cognition of fire and attitudes for fire-prevention than other students.
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