老人運動行為與看診次數及生活品質之關係

本研究的目的為瞭解老年人每週運動天數對看診次數與生活品質之影響，使用問卷調查法進行調查研究，針對臺中市梧棲區的65歲以上老年人為研究對象，獲得有效問卷135份，根據調查所得資料，以描述性統計、獨立樣本t考驗、單因子變異數分析等統計方法進行分析，結果如下：每週運動天數5天以上的老年人，在身體生活品質（PCS）及心理生活品質（MCS）得分皆高於都沒有運動的老年人，且達統計顯著差異；與看診次數達顯著差異為年齡、是否有工作、是否罹患慢性病；與整體生理健康構面（PCS）達顯著差異之變項為教育程度、是否罹患慢性病、每週運動天數；與整體心理健康構面（MCS）達顯著差異之變項為性別、教育程度、經濟來源、是否罹患慢性病、每週運動天數，綜合討論後獲得以下結論：每週運動天數與看診次數未達統計顯著差異，可能與臺灣所實施全民健康保險制度有關，全民健保所提供的就醫便利性與經濟性，使的不論是健康者或是患病者都能充分使用醫療的服務；但每週運動天數5天以上的老年人與都沒有運動的老年人，在生活品質得分上有顯著差異，建議老年人可採取「低強度、多次數」的運動方式，每週從事5天以上的運動，以達到身體與心理的安適程度，提高生活品質。

關鍵字

全民健保；慢性病

並列摘要

The purpose of this study was to understand the impact of exercise frequency (per week of the elderly) on frequency of outpatient service and quality of life. Conduct an investigation through questionnaire survey method, aiming at people over 65 at Wuchi District of Taichung. Descriptive statistics, t-test and one-way ANOVA were used to analyze the data including 135 valid questionnaires. Result: Elderly people whose frequency is over 5 days per week get higher score in Physical Component Summary (PCS) and Mental Component Summary (MCS) than those who never take exercise. The significant differences on medical inspection frequency exist in variables such as age, whether work or not, and whether suffer from chronic diseases or not. The significant differences on PCS exist in variables such as education, whether suffer from chronic diseases or not, and exercise frequency per week; The significant differences on MCS exist in variables such as gender, education, economy resource, whether suffer from chronic diseases or not, and exercise frequency per week. Conclusion: There is no significant difference between exercise frequency and frequency of outpatient service. But when compare the elderly people who never take exercise with those whose exercise frequency is over 5 days per week, indeed, significant differences on quality of life were found.