全國中等學校運動會跆拳道選手運動傷害之調查研究

Investigation on Sports Injuries in National High School Games Taekwondo Athletes during Training

陳銨漵(An-Hsu Chen) ； 邱共鉦(Kung-Cheng Chiu) ； 吳燕妮(Yen-Ni Wu)

《運動研究》 23卷1期 (2014/06) Pp. 35-47

https://doi.org/10.6167/JSR/2014.23(1)4

摘要

目的：本研究主要在調查優秀跆拳道選手參與全國性比賽，賽前傷害相關因素的探討。方法：本研究調查以高中男、女生組之跆拳道選手共計254名為對象，分析賽前訓練情況、傷害分布、原因以及發生傷害當下處理等分析調查。結果：（1）男生平均每週訓練7.2次、女生6.2次；平均每次訓練時數男生2.5小時、女生2.48小時。（2）賽前因訓練而發生運動傷害達88.9%，並有48.8%的選手因賽前受傷而憂心影響比賽成績。（3）在賽前上半身部位傷害情形，有26.7%發生在腰背部。下半身部位則以腳背24.8%比例最高。在傷害程度上則以挫傷佔49.6%最高。（4）傷害發生原因則以熱身不足62.2%為主要因素，其次有117人次認為賽前密集過度訓練而導致身心不適佔46%，並有33.5%認為因個人技術不成熟而導致訓練時傷害發生。（5）在發生傷害的當下處理：以聽從教練指示繼續訓練為34.6%，而傷害處理則以冰敷52.7%為主要治療方式。結論與建議：研究中發現跆拳道選手帶傷出賽情形比例過高，進而憂心傷害會影響比賽成績，建議教練日後在訓練課程中，檢討訓練課程質量劃分的適切性。同時教練平時應多參加運動傷害相關的講習或課程，並且鼓勵選手充實運動傷害的相關知識，以防範運動傷害的發生。

關鍵字

傷害型態 ； 挫傷 ； 拉傷 ； 賽前 ； 青少年

並列摘要

Objective: The main objective of this study was to investigate the injury distribution in outstanding taekwondo athletes before their participation in national contests. Methods: Two hundred and fifty-four taekwondo athletes from senior high schools were participated in this study, and variables, including the pregame training, the injury distribution, the causes of injuries and the immediate treatments were investigated. Results: The results showed: (1) The training frequency was 7.2 times for males and 6.2 times for females per week; the averages training time was 2.56 hours and 2.4 hours for males and females respectively. (2) The incidence of injury for the pregame training was up to 88.98%, while 48.8% of athletes worried that the injuries would affect their performance in contest. (3) In case of pregame upper-limb-injuries, 26.7% occurred on the lower back; as the lower body, while 24.8% was taken place in insteps. In the type of injuries, contusion accounts for 49.6% among athletes. (4) According to our investigation, the main reason for injuries was the lack of warm-up, which accounts for 62.2%. Besides, 117 athletes accounting up to 46% claimed that intensive over-training before contests makes them feel discomfort mentally and physically. Whereas, 33.5% athletes assumed that their injuries could be caused by their immature technique, while training. (5) The results on immediate treatment to injury showed 34.6% of athletes obeyed their coaches' instructions and got trained continually. The main treatment method was the ice therapy, which was about 52.7%. Conclusion: This study reveals that the proportion of injured athletes, participating in taekwondo competitions was higher, and injured athletes would be anxious about their injuries that may affect the final results. It is suggested, during daily training programs, coaches should avoid over-training, and examine if the distribution of quality and quantity of training is proper. At the same time, coaches should frequently attend sports-injury courses or conferences, and encourage students to enrich their sports-injuries knowledge.

並列關鍵字

injury type ； contusion ； strain ； pre-game ； adolescent

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