國小學童作文自我效能量表之發展

Developing the Composition-Writing Self-Efficacy Scale

黃永和(Yung-Ho Huang)

《高雄師大學報：教育與社會科學類》 32期 (2012/06) Pp. 1-24

https://doi.org/10.7060/KNUJ-HA.201206.0001

摘要

本研究的目的乃在發展一具有信、效度的國小學童作文自我效能量表，並分析受試樣本的自我效能現況，藉以為國內作文自我效能的教學與研究提供更堅實的基礎。本研究以「作文」寫作任務作為所要測量的特定領域，首先根據好的作文表現特徵與自我效能測量原則，編製出「國小學童作文自我效能量表」，然後選擇166位國小五年級學童進行量表施測。施測分析結果顯示，本研究所發展的作文自我效能量表具有良好的信、效度品質，包括：（1）各題項具有良好的鑑別度與同質性，高低分組受試者在各題項上的差異均達顯著水準（t值介於9~20之間），各題項與量表總分的相關係數均達顯著水準（積差相關係數介於.69~.86之間）；（2）各題項可測量一共同因素，因素分析結果之因素負荷量均達.70以上，可解釋變異達66.52%；（3）信度極佳，Cronbachα信度係數達.95；（4）效標關聯效度良好，與成就表現的積差相關係數為.48，與作文興趣的積差相關係數為.60，均達顯著水準；（5）中介變項檢定結果符合自我效能的理論假定與相關研究結果，能顯示作文自我效能在作文興趣與成就表現之間，具有中介變項的特徵。此外，受試樣本的作文自我效能現況分析結果則顯示，國小五年級學童七成具有中程度以上的作文自我效能，而且以語文基本能力的效能較高，並已開始在部份題項上產生明顯性別差異的現象。最後，本研究針對作文教學與自我效能研究提出數點建議。

關鍵字

作文 ； 寫作 ； 自我效能 ； 作文自我效能

並列摘要

The purpose of this study was to develop a scale for assessing elementary school students' composition-writing self-efficacy, and then to describe the profiles of the efficacy of the 166 fifth-grade students. Based on the result of literature review, a draft of the Composition-Writing Self-Efficacy Scale (CWSES) was brought out. The item analysis, factor analysis, criterion-related analysis, and Cronbach's α were employed to assess its validity and reliability. The results indicated that the CWSES owned its excellent validity and reliability. The cumulative percentage of variance of the scale was 66.52%. The Cronbach's α was .95. Finally, the profiles of the efficacy of the 166 fifth-grade students were described as follows: (1) most students have above average efficacy; (2) the students had higher efficacy with basic writing skills; (3) the trend of their efficacy was toward gender differentiation.

並列關鍵字

Composition ； writing ； self-efficacy ； composition-writing self-efficacy

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